Summary
NURS 202 Cardiac Related Terms Summary
- Course
- Nursing 202
- Institution
- Quinsigamond Community College
This is a comprehensive and detailed summary on cardiac terminologies for Nurs 202.
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Certainly, let's provide a summary of key topics we discussed, including diseases, disorders, similarities,differences, treatments, and symptoms:
**Diseases and Disorders:**
- **Arrhythmias:**
- Include atrial and ventricular arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation (AFib), atrial flutter, ventricular
tachycardia (VTach), and ventricular fibrillation (VFib).
- **Cardiac Ischemia:**
- Conditions where the blood supply to the heart muscle is reduced or blocked, leading to angina and
myocardial infarction (MI).
- **Heart Disease:**
- Broad term encompassing various conditions, including coronary artery disease (CAD), heart failure,
cardiomyopathy, and valvular heart disease.
- **Hyperlipidemia:**
- Elevated levels of lipids (cholesterol and triglycerides) in the blood, contributing to atherosclerosis and
heart disease.
- **Cardiac Biomarkers:**
- Substances like Troponin T, Troponin I, Myoglobin, and others used to diagnose cardiac injuries, such
as MI.
- **Hematoma Formation:**
- A complication of cardiac catheterization, which can occur at the insertion site.
**Similarities:**
- **EKG Monitoring:**
- Used to assess cardiac electrical activity.
, - Common waves: P-wave (atrial depolarization), QRS complex (ventricular depolarization), T-wave
(ventricular repolarization).
- **Hemodynamic Monitoring:**
- Involves central venous pressure (CVP) and pulmonary artery pressure monitoring to assess cardiac
function.
- **Treatment Options:**
- Medications like anti-arrhythmics, beta-blockers, and calcium channel blockers.
- Cardioversion and defibrillation for tachyarrhythmias.
- **Symptoms:**
- Palpitations, chest pain, dizziness, dyspnea, fatigue, and reduced cardiac output.
**Differences:**
- **Arrhythmias:**
- Atrial arrhythmias originate in the atria, while ventricular arrhythmias originate in the ventricles.
- Atrial arrhythmias often have an irregular rhythm, while ventricular arrhythmias can be regular.
- **Cardiac Ischemia:**
- Angina results from temporary reduced blood flow, while MI involves heart muscle damage.
- Angina symptoms are usually relieved with rest or nitroglycerin, while MI symptoms persist.
- **Hematoma Formation:**
- Occurs at the site of catheterization for cardiac procedures like cardiac catheterization.
- Can lead to complications like pulmonary embolism or infection.
**Treatments:**
- **Arrhythmias:**
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