This key definition term sheet can be used to review the key concepts found in chapter 1-4 in introduction to sociology 1160. Use this as a reference guide to study key terms and come up with examples for each key term to better understand concepts and be prepared for examination dates.
Sociology- Social Behavior On Human Groups
C Mills Sociological Imagination- Individual and the wider society. Go past our
experienes and observations
Science ( Natural Vs Social) – Natural: Physical Interaction with Nature, Social is the
interactions and relationships with individuals
Theory- Set of statements that explain problems actions or behaviors
Auguste Comte- Coined the term sociology
Harriet Martineau- Studied economics, law and trade as the root of social problems
Herbert Spencer- Darwins theory of evolution and individuals evolve over time
Emily Durkheim- Suicide studies. Interested in the industrial industries
Anomie- Loss of direction felt by a society when social control of individual behavior
becomes ineffective
Verstehen- Insight, Meaning to actions, Must dig deeper to learn behaviors
Ideal type- Construct individual cases
Karl Marx- Conflict theory, Conflict is an everyday part of society and the working class
should overthrow the existing class
WEB Dubois- Urban life and development. Racial injustice
Double Consciousness- Individuals social into two realities
Charles Horton Cooley- Face to face interaction (Interactionist Perspective)
Jane Addams- Hull House, Political Activism
Robert Merton- Macro vs Micro, large scale vs Small scale
Macrosociology- Larger communities and locations
Microsociology- College groups, face to face interactions
Pierre Bordieu- Cultural capital, Social capital
Cultural Capital- Noneconomic goods found in language and arts
Social Capital- Social connections between individuals
Functionalist Perspective- how the society functions as a whole and how individuals
function
Conflict Perspective- The tension between groups of individuals for resources and
behaviors
Interactionist Perspective- How people interact with each other
Talcott Parsons- Society is a vast network of interconnected parts
Manifest functions- Conscious and intended, used to describe the functions that take on
society as a whole.
Latent functions- Unconscious, unintended functions that oftentimes serve the purpose
other than the intended
Dysfunctions- elements or processes that reduce the stability of an individual or society
The Marxist View (Conflict Perspective)- Conflict is an everyday part of society and a
continuation of something much bigger
Feminist Perspective- Gender roles and inequality
Queer Theory- Sexuality and its roles within society
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