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Mycobacteria Questions and Answers Graded A+

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Mycobacteria Questions and Answers Graded A+ What is the primary characteristic of Mycobacteria cell walls? They are rich in mycolic acids, making them waxy and resistant to staining. Which staining technique is used to identify Mycobacteria? The Ziehl-Neelsen acid-fast stain. What is...

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  • December 9, 2024
  • 36
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • Mycobacteria
  • Mycobacteria
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Mycobacteria Questions and Answers
Graded A+
What is the primary characteristic of Mycobacteria cell walls?


✔✔They are rich in mycolic acids, making them waxy and resistant to staining.




Which staining technique is used to identify Mycobacteria?


✔✔The Ziehl-Neelsen acid-fast stain.




What is the most common disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis?


✔✔Tuberculosis.




Which Mycobacterium species is associated with leprosy?


✔✔Mycobacterium leprae.




How is Mycobacterium tuberculosis primarily transmitted?


✔✔Through respiratory droplets.




1

,What is the primary diagnostic test for latent tuberculosis infection?


✔✔Tuberculin skin test (TST) or interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA).




Why are Mycobacteria considered "acid-fast"?


✔✔Because their cell walls resist decolorization by acids during staining.




What type of environment do Mycobacteria prefer to grow in?


✔✔Aerobic environments.




What is the growth rate of most pathogenic Mycobacteria?


✔✔They grow slowly, often taking weeks to form colonies.




Which culture medium is commonly used for growing Mycobacterium tuberculosis?


✔✔Lowenstein-Jensen medium.




What is the main mechanism of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis?


✔✔Mutations in genes encoding drug targets.




2

,Which Mycobacterium species is associated with skin and soft tissue infections in

immunocompetent individuals?


✔✔Mycobacterium marinum.




What is the first-line treatment for tuberculosis?


✔✔A combination of isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide.




Which Mycobacterium species is part of the nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) group and

commonly affects the lungs?


✔✔Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC).




What is the hallmark histological feature of tuberculosis?


✔✔Granulomas with caseating necrosis.




Which Mycobacterium species can cause disseminated infections in AIDS patients?


✔✔Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex (MAC).




What is a distinguishing feature of Mycobacterium leprae compared to other Mycobacteria?


3

, ✔✔It cannot be cultured in artificial media.




Which animal model is commonly used to study Mycobacterium leprae?


✔✔The armadillo.




How does Mycobacterium tuberculosis evade the immune system?


✔✔By surviving and replicating within macrophages.




What is the significance of a Ghon complex on chest X-ray?


✔✔It indicates primary tuberculosis infection.




What is the function of the cord factor in Mycobacterium tuberculosis?


✔✔It is a virulence factor that inhibits macrophage activation.




Why are Mycobacteria resistant to many common antibiotics?


✔✔Due to their thick, lipid-rich cell walls.




Which rapid molecular test is commonly used to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis?

4

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