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IGCSE Biology Chapter 1 class notes: CHARACTERISTICS OF LIVING ORGANISMS
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This document has the chapter 1 class notes of biology IGCSE
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Characteristics of Living Organisms Movement: This is when a living thing or part of it moves to a different spot or location.
Respiration: This refers to the chemical processes that break down food molecules in living
cells to release energy needed for life functions.
Sensitivity: This is the skill of noticing changes in the surroundings, whether inside or outside
the body, and reacting to them appropriately.
Growth: This means a lasting increase in size, weight and dry mass due to more cells being
created or existing cells getting bigger, or both.
Reproduction: This includes the methods that allow living things to create more of their own
kind.
Excretion: This is the process of getting rid of harmful substances, waste from chemical
reactions in cells (like respiration), and extra materials that the organism doesn’t need.
Nutrition: This is about taking in substances that provide energy, help with growth, and
support development; plants need light, carbon dioxide, water, and minerals, while animals
require organic materials, minerals, and usually water.
How Organisms are Classified
, There are millions of species of organisms on Earth
A species is defined as a group of organisms that can reproduce to produce fertile offspring
These species can be classified into groups by the features that they share e.g. all mammals
have bodies covered in hair, feed young from mammary glands and have external ears
(pinnas)
The Binomial System
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