DHN 311 Exam Tested Questions Reviewed And Revised With Correct Answers Already Passed!!
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Course
DHN 311
Institution
DHN 311
DHN 311 Exam Tested Questions
Reviewed And Revised
With Correct Answers
Already Passed!!
1. The major anabolic hormone that impacts glucose, lipid, and amino acid
synthesis and storage - ANSWER
insulin
2. Insulin? - ANSWER - storage hormone - released in response to carbs/...
DHN 311 Exam Tested Questions
Reviewed And Revised
With Correct Answers
Already Passed!!
1. The major anabolic hormone that impacts glucose, lipid, and amino acid
synthesis and storage - ANSWER insulin
2. Insulin? - ANSWER - storage hormone
- released in response to carbs/nutrients after eating
- promote/increase glucose intake into certain cells (stores excess glucose as
glycogen)
- tells body to make protein and fat
- turns off pathways that break down stored energy
3. Biologic effects of insulin? - ANSWER increase in: glucose uptake,
glycogen synthesis, protein synthesis, fat synthesis
decrease in: gluconeogenesis, glycogenolysis, and lipolysis
alters gene expression
4. What opposes many of the actions of insulin? Details? - ANSWER
glucagon, epinephrine/norepinephrine, cortisol, and growth hormone
,- increases levels in circulation during fasting
- promotes release of stored energy when we need it
5. Biologic effects of glucagon, epinephrine/norepinephrine, cortisol and
growth hormone? - ANSWER increase in: glycogenolysis,
gluconeogenesis, lipolysis, ketogenesis, uptake of amino acids
decrease in: glycogenesis
6. When is insulin released to rebuild fuel stores (glycogen, fat tissue, and
protein synthesis) - ANSWER in the fed state
7. When are glucagon and catecholamines released to break down fuel stores
to generate ATP to support cell processes? - ANSWER in the fasted
state
8. How do insulin and glucagon work? - ANSWER they oppose one
another but have to work together to balance out and maintain the body's
energy levels (ATP)
9. The basic reaction processes involved in the production and use of energy
is called - ANSWER bioenergetics
10. What is the typical ATP requirement for an adult? - ANSWER more
than 140 lbs per day
,11. What is the primary mechanism used by non-photosynthetic organisms to
obtain energy? What is one common situation? - ANSWER oxidation;
commonly transferring electrons from reactant to another reactant
12. What happens to the energy released during oxidative steps? - ANSWER it
is "captured" in ATP to be used later for energy coupling
13. What is the most commonly oxidized energy source? - ANSWER
CARBON!!!
14. The more _____ a molecule has, the more energy rich it is - ANSWER
carbon
15. The more _______ a carbon atom is, the more energy that can be released
from its _________. Conversely, the more _______ a carbon atom is, the more
energy it takes t ______ it - ANSWER reduced, oxidation. oxidized, reduce
16. What is the most common fatty acid? how much energy do we get from it? -
ANSWER palmitic acid: C16H34O2 ----> 128 ATP
17. How much ATP from one molecule of glucose? - ANSWER C6H12O6 ---->
38 glucose
18. What are 4 important bodily functions that require ATP? - ANSWER
neuron firing, maintaining gradients, initiating carb metabolism, and muscle
contractions
, 19. What are the three sources of ATP? - ANSWER substrate level
phosphorylation (minor), oxidative phosphorylation (major), and
photophosphorylation in plants/chloroplasts
20. Where is the energy of ATP stored? - ANSWER as potential energy within
its high-energy multi-phosphate bonds
21. How is ATP released? - ANSWER the multi-phosphate bonds are
hydrolyzed (broken)
21. Breaking phosphate bonds = ? - ANSWER releases energy that can be
invested to speed up reactions
what makes up an ATP molecule - ANSWER adenine, ribose, 3 phosphate
groups
ATP vs. ADP vs. AMP? - ANSWER ATP: 3 phosphate groups, high energy signal
ADP: 2 phosphate groups, low energy signal
AMP: 1 phosphate group, low energy signal
what are the two ways to synthesize triphosphates? which is minor vs major? -
ANSWER substrate level phosphorylation (minor) and oxidative
phosphorylation (major)
the direct synthesis of ATTP from ADP and a reactive intermediate that is
typically a high-energy phosphate containing molecule - ANSWER substrate
level phosphorylation
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