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Biochemistry-Muscle Physiology

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  • Biochemistry
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  • Biochemistry

This comprehensive textbook covers the fundamental principles of exercise physiology, including energy production, muscle fibers, and nerve-muscle interactions. It provides detailed explanations and examples to help students better understand the complex processes involved in human performance.

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  • December 15, 2024
  • 5
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
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  • Biochemistry
  • Biochemistry
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GoldenChapter
Biochemistry

Muscle Physiology




Compiled By Simon Mwangi
Edition: 2024/25

, Science | Biochemistry I of IV pages
1. Skeletal muscle makes up what percent of nonfat body weight of the human body?
40%

2. How can muscles maintain body temp in response to cold? (shivering)
increases metabolic rate

3. What structures are responsible for the striation of skeletal muscle?
sarcomeres

4. Order of events in skeletal muscle contraction (9 steps)?
1) AP initiated/propagated through motor neuron2) AP triggers ACh release at presynaptic membrane of
junction3) ACh diffusion to postsynaptic membrane in muscle fiber4) depolarization occurs as a result of Na+
> K+ efflux5) End Plate Potential triggers AP in skeletal muscle cell, propagates into t-tubules6) AP triggers
release from SR7) Ca2+ binds to troponin, shifts tropomyosin to expose myosin binding sites8) myosin heads
to actin, causes shortening and contraction9) Ca2+ falls, is pumped back into SR, relaxation occurs

5. How many seconds of intense muscle activity does free cytosolic ATP provide?
5-6 seconds

6. What are 3 adequate sources of ATP for muscle contraction?
Creatine phosphate = 1 ATP per CPGlycogenolysis (anaerobic respiration) = 2 ATP per glucose; lactic acid

7. Energy source of ATP production in creatine phosphate?
creatine phosphate

8. Energy source of ATP in glycogenolysis/ anaerobic respiration?
glucose

9. Energy source of ATP in cellular/aerobic respiration?
glucose, pyruvic acid, free fatty acid, amino acid

10. Why do we breathe so hard after strenuous exercise?
We breath hard after strenuous exercise to get the extra oxygen that must be used in the oxidative energy
to reconvert lactic acid to glucose and to restore the decomposed ATP and creatine phosphate to their original

11. What is a muscle twitch?
the single, brief contraction of a muscle in response to a single AP on its motor neuron

12. Describe the all-or-none response of motor units (twitch)
When the motor neuron fires, all of the muscle fibers innervated by its nerve (muscles in that motor unit) will
Motor units contract and relax in an all-or-none manner

13. 4 phases of skeletal muscle twitch
1) latent period - delay between stimulus and onset of twitch2) contraction phase - period during which
develops and muscle shortens3) relaxation phase - loss of tension and return of muscle to resting length4)

14. What is multiple motor unit summation/recruitment?


Biochemistry 2024/25 Edition

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