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Clinical Chemistry Exam 1
(232 questions and answers)
Which of the following is a positive acute-phase reactant?
a. Transferrin
b. Albumin
c. Ferritin
d. Prealbumin - answer Ferritin
The plasma protein that serves to transport a large number of compounds including
bilirubin, calcium, drugs, and free fatty acids is:
a. Prealbumin
b. Ceruloplasmin
c. Haptoglobin
d. Albumin - answer Albumin
Alpha-1 antitrypsin inhibits which class of protease?
a. Metalloproteases
b. Aspartyl proteases
c. Cysteinyl proteases
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d. Serine proteases - answer Serine proteases
The most abundant circulating immunoglobulin in adult serum is:
a. IgA
b. IgD
c. IgG
d. IgM - answer IgG
The enzyme that demonstrates highest serum activity in Paget diseasae (osteitis
deformans) and is also elevated in hepatobiliary disease is:
a. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP)
b. Creatine kinase (CK)
c. Amylase (AMY)
d. Alpha-glutamyltransferase (GGT) - answer Alkaline phosphatase (ALP)
The serum enzyme that demonstrates an increase in activity 4 to 8 hours after an
attack of acute pancreatitis, peaks at 24 hours, and then returns to normal within a
week is:
a. AMY
b. Lipase (LPS)
c. ALP
Serum cholinesterase (CHE) - answer Lipase (LPS)
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Which of the following enzymes catalyzes the reaction of glutamate and pyruvate to
form 2-oxogluturate and an amino acid?
a. ALP
b. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)
c. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)
d. CK - answer Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)
Children have higher ALP activity than healthy adults because:
a. ALP leaks from osteoblasts during normal bone growth
b. Developing hepatocytes produce excess ALP during normal growth
c. Striated muscle contains the greatest activity of ALP, and children are more
energetic than adults with concomitant release of excess ALP from muscle
d. The presence of ALP in the pancreas is elevated during childhood - answer ALP
leaks from osteoblasts during normal bone growth
Which of the following enzymes demonstrates an increase in activity with progressive
Duchenne muscular dystrophy, followed by a decrease as muscle mass decreases?
a. ALP
b. ALT
c. CHE
d. CK - answer CK
The most common method for measuring sodium and potassium is
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a. Flame emission spectrophotometry
b. Enzymatic methods
c. Atomic absorption spectrophotometry
d. Ion-selective electrode - answer Ion-selective electrode
Cause of Isosmotic Hyponatremia. Describe sodium, osmolality, glucose, and urea
levels - answer pseudo-hyponatremia caused by the electrolyte exclusion effect
(large amounts of lipids or proteins occupy too much space in a in a given plasma
volume, pushing the electrolytes out)
low: sodium; normal: osmolality, glucose, urea
Why does Isosmotic Hyponatremia cause lower sodium results by some test methods
(ex: ISE) - answer because of electrolyte exclusion effect: large amounts of lipids or
proteins occupy too much space in a given plasma volume, pushing the electrolytes
out
Describe Hyponatremia
Definiton
Symptoms - answer Definiton sodium below reference limit
Symptoms CNS: generalized weakness, mental confusion, with severe mental
impairment at very low level
Cause of Normovolemic Hypernatremia - answer diabetes insipidus or failure to
replace normal water loss
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Clinical Chemistry Exam 1
(232 questions and answers)
Which of the following is a positive acute-phase reactant?
a. Transferrin
b. Albumin
c. Ferritin
d. Prealbumin - answer Ferritin
The plasma protein that serves to transport a large number of compounds including
bilirubin, calcium, drugs, and free fatty acids is:
a. Prealbumin
b. Ceruloplasmin
c. Haptoglobin
d. Albumin - answer Albumin
Alpha-1 antitrypsin inhibits which class of protease?
a. Metalloproteases
b. Aspartyl proteases
c. Cysteinyl proteases
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d. Serine proteases - answer Serine proteases
The most abundant circulating immunoglobulin in adult serum is:
a. IgA
b. IgD
c. IgG
d. IgM - answer IgG
The enzyme that demonstrates highest serum activity in Paget diseasae (osteitis
deformans) and is also elevated in hepatobiliary disease is:
a. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP)
b. Creatine kinase (CK)
c. Amylase (AMY)
d. Alpha-glutamyltransferase (GGT) - answer Alkaline phosphatase (ALP)
The serum enzyme that demonstrates an increase in activity 4 to 8 hours after an
attack of acute pancreatitis, peaks at 24 hours, and then returns to normal within a
week is:
a. AMY
b. Lipase (LPS)
c. ALP
Serum cholinesterase (CHE) - answer Lipase (LPS)
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Which of the following enzymes catalyzes the reaction of glutamate and pyruvate to
form 2-oxogluturate and an amino acid?
a. ALP
b. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)
c. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)
d. CK - answer Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)
Children have higher ALP activity than healthy adults because:
a. ALP leaks from osteoblasts during normal bone growth
b. Developing hepatocytes produce excess ALP during normal growth
c. Striated muscle contains the greatest activity of ALP, and children are more
energetic than adults with concomitant release of excess ALP from muscle
d. The presence of ALP in the pancreas is elevated during childhood - answer ALP
leaks from osteoblasts during normal bone growth
Which of the following enzymes demonstrates an increase in activity with progressive
Duchenne muscular dystrophy, followed by a decrease as muscle mass decreases?
a. ALP
b. ALT
c. CHE
d. CK - answer CK
The most common method for measuring sodium and potassium is
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a. Flame emission spectrophotometry
b. Enzymatic methods
c. Atomic absorption spectrophotometry
d. Ion-selective electrode - answer Ion-selective electrode
Cause of Isosmotic Hyponatremia. Describe sodium, osmolality, glucose, and urea
levels - answer pseudo-hyponatremia caused by the electrolyte exclusion effect
(large amounts of lipids or proteins occupy too much space in a in a given plasma
volume, pushing the electrolytes out)
low: sodium; normal: osmolality, glucose, urea
Why does Isosmotic Hyponatremia cause lower sodium results by some test methods
(ex: ISE) - answer because of electrolyte exclusion effect: large amounts of lipids or
proteins occupy too much space in a given plasma volume, pushing the electrolytes
out
Describe Hyponatremia
Definiton
Symptoms - answer Definiton sodium below reference limit
Symptoms CNS: generalized weakness, mental confusion, with severe mental
impairment at very low level
Cause of Normovolemic Hypernatremia - answer diabetes insipidus or failure to
replace normal water loss
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