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, Chapter 1: Health Care Delivery and Evidence-Based Nursing
Practice
1. The public health nurse is presenting a health promotion class to a group of new
mothers. How should the nurse best define health?
A) Health is being disease free.
B) Health is having fulfillment in all domains of life.
C) Health is having psychological and physiological harmony.
D) Health is being connected in body, mind, and spirit.
Ans: D
Feedback:
The World Health Organization (WHO) defines health in the preamble to its
constitution as a ìstate of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not
merely the absence of disease and infirmity.î The other answers are incorrect because
they are not congruent with the WHO definition of health.
2. A nurse is speaking to a group of prospective nursing students about what it is like to be
a nurse. What is one characteristic the nurse would cite as necessary to possess to be an
effective nurse?
A) Sensitivity to cultural differences
B) Team-focused approach to problem-solving
C) Strict adherence to routine
D) Ability to face criticism
Ans: A
Feedback:
To promote an effective nurse-patient relationship and positive outcomes of care,
nursing care must be culturally competent, appropriate, and sensitive to cultural
differences. Team-focused nursing and strict adherence to routine are not characteristics
needed to be an effective nurse. The ability to handle criticism is important, but to a
lesser degree than cultural competence.
3. With increases in longevity, people have had to become more knowledgeable about
their health and the professional health care that they receive. One outcome of this
phenomenon is the development of organized self-care education programs. Which of
the following do these programs prioritize?
A) Adequate prenatal care
B) Government advocacy and lobbying
C) Judicious use of online communities
D) Management of illness
Ans: D
Feedback:
Organized self-care education programs emphasize health promotion, disease
prevention, management of illness, self-care, and judicious use of the professional
health care system. Prenatal care, lobbying, and Internet activities are secondary.
,4. The home health nurse is assisting a patient and his family in planning the patient's
return to work after surgery and the development of postsurgical complications. The
nurse is preparing a plan of care that addresses the patient's multifaceted needs. To
which level of Maslow's hierarchy of basic needs does the patient's need for self-
fulfillment relate?
A) Physiologic
B) Transcendence
C) Love and belonging
D) Self-actualization
Ans: D
Feedback:
Maslow's highest level of human needs is self-actualization, which includes self-
fulfillment, desire to know and understand, and aesthetic needs. The other answers are
incorrect because self-fulfillment does not relate directly to them.
5. The view that health and illness are not static states but that they exist on a continuum
is central to professional health care systems. When planning care, this view aids the
nurse in appreciating which of the following?
A) Care should focus primarily on the treatment of disease.
B) A person's state of health is ever-changing.
C) A person can transition from health to illness rapidly.
D) Care should focus on the patient's compliance with interventions.
Ans: B
Feedback:
By viewing health and illness on a continuum, it is possible to consider a person as
being neither completely healthy nor completely ill. Instead, a person's state of health is
ever-changing and has the potential to range from high-level wellness to extremely
poor health and imminent death. The other answers are incorrect because patient care
should not focus just on the treatment of disease. Rapid declines in health and
ìcomplianceî with treatment are not key to this view of health.
, 6. A ngroup nof nnursing nstudents nare nparticipating nin na ncommunity nhealth nclinic. nWhen
nproviding ncare nin nthis ncontext, nwhat nshould nthe nstudents nteach nparticipants nabout
ndisease nprevention?
A) It nis nbest nachieved nthrough nattending nself-help ngroups.
B) It nis nbest nachieved nby nreducing npsychological nstress.
C) It nis nbest nachieved nby nbeing nan nactive nparticipant nin nthe ncommunity.
D) It nis nbest nachieved nby nexhibiting nbehaviors nthat npromote
nhealth. nAns: n D
Feedback:
Today, nincreasing nemphasis nis nplaced non nhealth, nhealth npromotion, nwellness, nand nself-
ncare. nHealth nis nseen nas nresulting nfrom na nlifestyle noriented ntoward nwellness. nNurses nin
ncommunity nhealth nclinics ndo nnot nteach nthat ndisease nprevention nis nbest nachieved
nthrough nattending nself-help ngroups, nby nreducing nstress, nor nby nbeing nan nactive
nparticipant nin nthe ncommunity, nthough neach nof nthese nactivities nis nconsistent nwith na
nhealthy nlifestyle.
7. A nnurse non na nmedical-surgical nunit nhas nasked nto nrepresent nthe nunit non nthe
nhospital's nquality ncommittee. nWhen ndescribing nquality nimprovement nprograms
nto nnursing ncolleagues nand nmembers nof nother nhealth ndisciplines, nwhat
ncharacteristic nshould nthe nnurse ncite?
A) These nprograms nestablish nconsequences nfor nhealth ncare nprofessionals' nactions.
B) These nprograms nfocus non nthe nprocesses nused nto nprovide ncare.
C) These nprograms nidentify nspecific nincidents nrelated nto nquality.
D) These nprograms nseek nto njustify nhealth ncare ncosts nand
nsystems. nAns: n B
Feedback:
Numerous nmodels nseek nto nimprove nthe nquality nof nhealth ncare ndelivery. nA
ncommonality namong nthem nis na nfocus non nthe nprocesses nthat nare nused nto nprovide ncare.
nConsequences, na nfocus non nincidents, nand njustification nfor nhealth ncare ncosts nare nnot
nuniversal ncharacteristics nof nquality nimprovement nefforts.
