ATI NUTRITION TEST BANK ACTUAL EXAM 200 QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS 2024-2025 LATEST//ALREADY
GRADED A+
A patient returns to the unit after a neck dissection. The surgeon placed a Jackson Pratt drain in the
wound. When assessing the wound drainage over the first 24 postoperative hours the nurse would
notify the physician immediately for what?
A)Presence of small blood clots in the drainage
B)60 mL of milky or cloudy drainage
C)Spots of drainage on the dressings surrounding the drain
D)120 mL of serosanguinous drainage - ANSWER-B - Between 80 and 120 mL of serosanguineous
secretions may drain over the first 24 hours. Milky drainage is indicative of a chyle fistula, which requires
prompt treatment.
A nurse is caring for a patient who is postoperative from a neck dissection. What would be the most
appropriate nursing action to enhance the patients appetite?
A)Encourage the family to bring in the patients favored foods.
B)Limit visitors at mealtimes so that the patient is not distracted.
C)Avoid offering food unless the patient initiates.
D)Provide thorough oral care immediately after the patient eats. - ANSWER-A - Family involvement and
home-cooked favorite foods may help the patient to eat. Having visitors at mealtimes may make eating
more pleasant and increase the patients appetite. The nurse should not place the complete onus for
initiating meals on the patient. Oral care after meals is necessary, but does not influence appetite.
A patient with GERD has undergone diagnostic testing and it has been determined that increasing the
pace of gastric emptying may help alleviate symptoms. The nurse should anticipate that the patient may
be prescribed what drug?
A)Metoclopramide (Reglan)
B)Omeprazole (Prilosec)
C)Lansoprazole (Prevacid)
D)Famotidine (Pepcid) - ANSWER-A - Metoclopramide (Reglan) is useful in promoting gastric motility.
Omeprazole and lansoprozole are proton pump inhibitors that reduce gastric acid secretion. Famotidine
(Pepcid) is an H2receptor antagonist, which has a similar effect.
,Results of a patient barium swallow suggest that the patient has GERD. The nurse is planning health
education to address the patients knowledge of this new diagnosis. Which of the following should the
nurse encourage?
A)Eating several small meals daily rather than 3 larger meals
B)Keeping the head of the bed slightly elevated
C)Drinking carbonated mineral water rather than soft drinks
D)Avoiding food or fluid intake after 6:00 p.m. - ANSWER-B - The patient with GERD is encouraged to
elevate the head of the bed on 6- to 8-inch (15- to 20-cm) blocks. Frequent meals are not specifically
encouraged and the patient should avoid food and fluid within 2 hours of bedtime. All carbonated
beverages should be avoided.
A nurse is caring for a patient in the late stages of esophageal cancer. The nurse should plan to prevent
or address what characteristics of this stage of the disease? Select all that apply.
A)Perforation into the mediastinum
B)Development of an esophageal lesion
C)Erosion into the great vessels
D)Painful swallowing
E)Obstruction of the esophagus - ANSWER-A,C,E - In the later stages of esophageal cancer, obstruction
of the esophagus is noted, with possible perforation into the mediastinum and erosion into the great
vessels. Painful swallowing and the emergence of a lesion are early signs of esophageal cancer.
A patient seeking care because of recurrent heartburn and regurgitation is subsequently diagnosed with
a hiatal hernia. Which of the following should the nurse include in health education?
A)Drinking beverages after your meal, rather than with your meal, may bring some relief.
B)Its best to avoid dry foods, such as rice and chicken, because they're harder to swallow.
C)Many patients obtain relief by taking over-the-counter antacids 30 minutes before eating.
D)Instead of eating three meals a day, try eating smaller amounts more often. - ANSWER-D -
Management for a hiatal hernia includes frequent, small feedings that can pass easily through the
esophagus. Avoiding beverages and particular foods or taking OTC antacids are not noted to be
beneficial.
A nurse is working with a patient who has chronic constipation. What should be included in patient
teaching to promote normal bowel function?
A)Use glycerin suppositories on a regular basis.
,B)Limit physical activity in order to promote bowel peristalsis.
C)Consume high-residue, high-fiber foods.
D)Resist the urge to defecate until the urge becomes intense. - ANSWER-C - Goals for the patient include
restoring or maintaining a regular pattern of elimination by responding to the urge to defecate, ensuring
adequate intake of fluids and high-fiber foods, learning about methods to avoid constipation, relieving
anxiety about bowel elimination patterns, and avoiding complications. Ongoing use of pharmacologic
aids should not be promoted, due to the risk of dependence. Increased mobility helps to maintain a
regular pattern of elimination. The urge to defecate should be heeded.
A nurse is preparing to provide care for a patient whose exacerbation of ulcerative colitis has required
hospital admission. During an exacerbation of this health problem, the nurse would anticipate that the
patients stools will have what characteristics?
A)Watery with blood and mucus
B)Hard and black or tarry
C)Dry and streaked with blood
D)Loose with visible fatty streaks - ANSWER-A - The predominant symptoms of ulcerative colitis are
diarrhea and abdominal pain. Stools may be bloody and contain mucus. Stools are not hard, dry, tarry,
black or fatty in patients who have ulcerative colitis.
A patient has had an ileostomy created for the treatment of irritable bowel disease and the patient is
now preparing for discharge. What should the patient be taught about changing this device in the home
setting?
A)Apply antibiotic ointment as ordered after cleaning the stoma.
B)Apply a skin barrier to the peristomal skin prior to applying the pouch.
C)Dispose of the clamp with each bag change.
D)Cleanse the area surrounding the stoma with alcohol or chlorhexidine. - ANSWER-B - Guidelines for
changing an ileostomy appliance are as follows. Skin should be washed with soap and water, and dried.
A skin barrier should be applied to the peristomal skin prior to applying the pouch. Clamps are supplied
one per box and should be reused with each bag change. Topical antibiotics are not utilized, but an
antifungal spray or powder may be used.
A patient admitted with acute diverticulitis has experienced a sudden increase in temperature and
complains of a sudden onset of exquisite abdominal tenderness. The nurses rapid assessment reveals
that the patients abdomen is uncharacteristically rigid on palpation. What is the nurses best response?
A)Administer a Fleet enema as ordered and remain with the patient.
, B)Contact the primary care provider promptly and report these signs of perforation.
C)Position the patient supine and insert an NG tube.
D)Page the primary care provider and report that the patient may be obstructed. - ANSWER-B - The
patients change in status is suggestive of perforation, which is a surgical emergency. Obstruction does
not have this presentation involving fever and abdominal rigidity. An enema would be strongly
contraindicated. An order is needed for NG insertion and repositioning is not a priority.
A 35-year-old male patient presents at the emergency department with symptoms of a small bowel
obstruction. In collaboration with the primary care provider, what intervention should the nurse
prioritize?
A)Insertion of a nasogastric tube
B)Insertion of a central venous catheter
C)Administration of a mineral oil enema
D)Administration of a glycerin suppository and an oral laxative - ANSWER-A - Decompression of the
bowel through a nasogastric tube is necessary for all patients with small bowel obstruction. Peripheral IV
access is normally sufficient. Enemas, suppositories, and laxatives are not indicated if an obstruction is
present.
A patient admitted with inflammatory bowel disease asks the nurse for help with menu selections. What
menu selection is most likely the best choice for this patient?
A)Spinach
B)Tofu
C)Multigrain bagel
D)Blueberries - ANSWER-B - Nutritional management of inflammatory bowel disease requires ingestion
of a diet that is bland, low-residue, high-protein, and high-vitamin. Tofu meets each of the criteria.
Spinach, multigrain bagels, and blueberries are not low-residue.
A patient is admitted to the medical unit with a diagnosis of intestinal obstruction. When planning this
patients care, which of the following nursing diagnoses should the nurse prioritize?
A)Ineffective Tissue Perfusion Related to Bowel Ischemia
B)Imbalanced Nutrition: Less Than Body Requirements Related to Impaired Absorption
C)Anxiety Related to Bowel Obstruction and Subsequent Hospitalization
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