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BIOS 255 Final Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass What makes up formed elements? - ANSWER -erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets What makes up the plasma portion of blood? - ANSWER -Plasma is 55% of volume -Albumins- 54%Most abundant- osmostic pressure -Globulins- 38%-immune -Fibringens- 7%- ...

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  • December 19, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • Bios 255
  • Bios 255
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GraceAmelia
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BIOS 255 Final Exam Questions and Answers 100%
Pass


What makes up formed elements? - ANSWER ✔✔-erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets


What makes up the plasma portion of blood? - ANSWER ✔✔-Plasma is 55% of volume


-Albumins- 54%Most abundant- osmostic pressure


-Globulins- 38%-immune


-Fibringens- 7%- clotting


What types of substances are transported by the blood? - ANSWER ✔✔-Oxygen


Carbon Dioxide


Hormones


Heat


Waste


Nutrients


How does the blood protect against excessive loss and infection? - ANSWER ✔✔-Immune Response


-macrophages


-globulins


Blood Clotting


-fibrinogen



Created by Grace Amelia © 2025, All Rights Reserved.

,2|Page


-Hemostasis


Against Disease


-Antibodies


-Interferons


-Complement system


What is the longevity of lymphocytes, as compared to other blood cells? - ANSWER ✔✔-They can live

several months to years but most live for few days


What is hemopoiesis? - ANSWER ✔✔-Production of ALL blood cells


What does pluripotent mean? - ANSWER ✔✔-Ability of a stem cell to develop into many different cell

types


Describe the characteristics of hemoglobin - ANSWER ✔✔--Protein carries oxygen to tissue and approx.

20% of carbon dioxide


-Each hemoglobin molecule can carry 4 heme(iron) so they bind to 4 oxygen molecules


-nitric acid can bind to them which triggers vasodilation, increase blood flow


What is vasodilation? - ANSWER ✔✔-dilation(widening) of blood vessels


Describe the characteristics of red blood cells - ANSWER ✔✔-Transport O2 & CO2


-no nucleus


-no organelles


-Biconcave disc


-live for days to weeks



Created by Grace Amelia © 2025, All Rights Reserved.

, 3|Page


Discuss the relationship of hemoglobin to nitric oxide? - ANSWER ✔✔-nitric oxide can bind to the

hemoglobin molecule which triggers vasoldilation. Increases blood flow, but decreases pressure


What is the importance of carbonic anhydrase? - ANSWER ✔✔-Present in RBC. Aids in conversion of

carbon dioxide to carbonic acid and bicarbonate ions --> reaches lungs to help convert bicarbonate ions

back to carbon dioxide


How long do red blood cells live? what happens to dead cells? - ANSWER ✔✔-Can live for days/weeks


-Dead RBC go to liver/spleen -> macrophages break down (recycle) -> heme and globulins -> Iron (from

heme) and Amino Acids


What is erythropoiesis? where does it take place? - ANSWER ✔✔-Production of Red Blood Cells


-Occurs in red bone marrow


What are reticulocytes? - ANSWER ✔✔-Newly produced, relatively immature red blood cells


What is erythropoietin? - ANSWER ✔✔-a hormone released by kidneys in response to hypoxia ( low O2

levels) to stimulate erythropoiesis


What are the characteristics of leukocytes? - ANSWER ✔✔-WBC


-Has nucleus


-Has organelles


-no hemoglobins


-can live for years


What are the two classes of leukocytes - ANSWER ✔✔-granular and agranular


Name all types of leukocytes that fall under the two classes - ANSWER ✔✔-Granular




Created by Grace Amelia © 2025, All Rights Reserved.

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