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NURS 434 Community Health Promotion Assignment 4 Community Health Promotion Program Athabasca University
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NURS 434 Community Health Promotion Assignment 4 Community Health Promotion Program Athabasca University
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NURS 434 Community Health Promotion Assignment 4 Community Health PromotionProgram Athabasca University
Health Promotion Program for Elderly People of 65 years and older Living with Diabetes
Type 2 in Hamilton City, Ontario
Athabasca University
NURS 434 Community Health Promotion
Assignment 4: Community Health Promotion Program
,Health Promotion Program 2
Health Promotion Program for Elderly People of 65 years and older Living with
Diabetes Type 2 in Hamilton City, Ontario, Canada
Diabetes type 2 among elderly people has become a global concern in recent
years. Osborn & Fisher (2008), indicated that diabetes is a social problem that needs
the healthcare professionals, caregivers and patients to be re-educated and reoriented
in managing and controlling the disease. Appropriate health promotion programs are
necessary to address the issue of diabetes type 2 at the community level. According to
World Health Organization, Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion (1986), health
promotion refers to the process of enabling people to increase control over a certain
condition and to improve their health through taking appropriate control measures. In
most countries, the burden of diabetes is assessed in terms of its impact on working-
age adults. However, diabetes type 2 in older people is associated with high mortality,
reduced productivity and increased risk of hospitalization (Vazini, & Barati, 2014).
A report by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) indicated that
more than 90% of all diagnosed cases of diabetes in the adult population were as a
result of type 2 diabetes. In the United States, the number of elderly people of 65 years
and older is growing tremendously posing a great challenge to the healthcare system.
The number of elderly people above 65 years of age is expected to rise to 98 million
representing 25% of the US residents. This is expected to raise the number of elderly
people of 65 years and older living with diabetes type 2 since age is a predisposing
factor to this disease (CDC, 2016). A population health survey of 2015 conducted in
Hamilton City established that 1 in 4 elderly people of 65 years and older admitted to
the hospital each year had diabetes type 2. Similarly, the majority of the people aged 45
and older had 3 times higher rates of diabetes type 2 pointing out a high correlation of
the disease with age (WHO, 2015).
, Health Promotion Program 3
The purpose of this health promotion program is to educate the elderly,
caregivers and all members of the community on measures, approaches and policies
that need to be implemented to prevent and control diabetes. Issel& Wells, (2017)
points out those health promotion strategies in the control and management of diabetes
among the elderly people may consist of one or a combination of different health
programs targeting health and dietary awareness, self- management, initiatives
targeting healthcare professionals and community stakeholders. However, a study by
Sorensen, et al., (2015) emphasizes that for the strategies to have a meaningful impact
in controlling and managing the chronic disease patient empowerment plays an
important role. Vazini and Barati, (2014) concur that the failure in the diabetes health
program is due to lack of self-care and empowerment.
In developing this health promotion program, two health promotion approaches
will be used. These include community development and service extension to the
community. The main challenge associated with diabetes in elderly people is lack of
awareness and knowledge to prevent and control the condition. These health promotion
programs are aimed at addressing the risk factors that can be intervened to prevent
diabetes and improve the health conditions of the community members. It will promote
the efforts undertaken to address issues arising from chronic disease. Mozaffarian,
Kamineni, Djousse, Mukamal, & Siscovick, (2009) indicate that it is important to address
the underlying causes of diabetes to gather resources and develop systems that will
help in detecting and managing diabetes.
Community development approach focuses on promoting health awareness
among the community members. Therefore, it will aim at educating, supporting and
reinforcing health behaviours that can help to prevent, control and manage diabetes.
The health promotion program is keen on ensuring that this disease is preventable. The
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