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NURS 328 Understanding Research Study Final Prep NEW UPDATE Athabasca University
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NURS 328 Understanding Research Study Final Prep NEW UPDATE Athabasca University Unit 1- Chapter 1 – Intro to nursing research in an EBP environment • Research: systematic inquiry that uses structured methods to answer questions and solve problems. Ultimate goal of formal research is to gain...

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  • December 20, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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NURS 328 Understanding Research Study
Final Prep NEW UPDATE 2024-2025
Athabasca University

Unit 1- Chapter 1 – Intro to nursing research in an EBP environment
• Research: systematic inquiry that uses structured methods to
answer questions and solve problems. Ultimate goal of formal
research is to gain knowledge that would be useful for many people
• Nursing research: is a systematic inquiry designed to develop
trustworthy evidence about issues of importance to nurses and their
clients
• Clinical nursing research: research designed to guide nursing practice
• Evidence-based practice: Use of the best evidence in making patient
care decisions- base their practice on evidence from research
• Systematic reviews: cornerstone of EBP and have assumed
increasing importance in all health care disciplines. They integrate a
wide scope of research information on a topic to determine if the
evidence is weak or strong.
• Clinical significance: practical importance of research results in terms
of whether they have genuine, palpable effects on the daily lives of
patients or on the health care decisions made on their behalf
• Paradigm: is a worldview, a general perspective to explain the
world’s complexities. Disciplined inquiry in nursing has been
conducted mainly within two broad but very different paradigms.
• Positivist Paradigm (quantitative)
o Positivist thinking is logical, rational and scientific
o Reality out there that can be studied and known
o Assumption is a principle that is believed to be true without
solid proof
o Believe nature is ordered and regular and that reality exists
independent of human observation aka the world is bit affected
by the human mind, the way we think, perceive or experience
o The assumption of determinism refers to the positivists belief
that phenomena do not happen by chance but they are
controlled and produced by antecedent causes
o Research activity is aimed at understanding the underlying
cause of natural phenomena
o Attach great importance to objectivity
Constructivist Paradigm: aka naturalistic paradigm (qualitative)
-reality is not a fixed entity but rather a construction of people
participating in the research; reality exists within contexts, and many
constructions are possible.
- take the position of relativism: if there are multiple interpretations of

,reality depending on how different people experience it, then there is
nothing called the absolute truth
-findings are the product of interaction between the inquirer and the
participants
-knowledge is maximized when the distance between the inquirer and
participants in the study are minimized
The scientific and quantitative research:
Scientific method: involves using a set of orderly procedures to gather
information. Move in a systematic fashion through a series of steps.

,Empirical evidence: evidence that is rooted in objective reality and gathered
directly or indirectly through the senses rather than through personal
beliefs or hunches.
Generalizability
Constructivist methods and qualitative research:
Provide rich, in-depth information that can be potentially clarify the varied
dimensions (or themes) of a complicated phenomenon.
Cause-probing: studies designed to illuminate the underlying causes of
the phenomena Specific purposes on the description/explanation
continuum include identification,
description, exploration, explanation, and prediction/control
Many nursing studies can also be classified in terms of EBP-related
aim: therapy/treatment/intervention, diagnosis and assessment, prognosis,
aetiology (causation) and harm, and meaning and process

Unit 1- chapter 2- Fundamentals of EBP
• Evidence-based practice is the integration of best research
evidence with clinical expertise and patient values
• Research utilization is the use of findings from studies in a practical
application that is unrelated the original research. Emphasis is on
translating new knowledge into real-world applications.
• Cochrane Collaboration: an international organization that aims to
facilitate well- informed decisions about health care by preparing
systematic reviews of the effects of health care interventions
• Evidence hierarchies rank evidence sources according to the
strength of evidence and in most cases RCTs are near the top
• Systematic reviews are at the pinnacle of the hierarchy (level 1)
because the strongest evidence comes from careful synthesis of
multiple studies
• Meta-analysis: is a technique for integrating quantitative research
findings statistically
• Meta-synthesis: technique for qualitative studies where the
information is interpreted rather than reduced
• Triggers for an organizational project include both pressing clinical
problems (problem- focused) and existing knowledge (knowledge-
focused)
• Clinical practice guidelines: practice guidelines that are evidence-
based practice, combining a synthesis and appraisal of research
evidence with specific recommendations for clinical decisions
• Care bundles: a concept developed by the institute for healthcare
improvement and adopted by the Canadian patient safety institute-
that encompasses interventions to
promote safety. Growing evidence that a combination or bundle of
strategies produces better outcomes than a single intervention.
• PIO (population, intervention, outcome) and PICO (population,
intervention, comparison, outcome)
• Implementation Potential: aka environmental readiness. Some EBP
models involve a formal assessment of organizational “fit.” The
2

, extent to which an innovation is amenable to implementation in a
new setting; an assessment of implementation potential is often
made in an evidence-based practice project.
• Pilot test: a small scale study or trial run, done in preparation for a
major study, often to assess feasibility
• Quality improvement: systematic efforts to improve practices and
processes within a specific organization or patient group




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