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NAU BIO 181 Final (Schonauer) Exam Questions With Verified Answers $12.49
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NAU BIO 181 Final (Schonauer) Exam Questions With Verified Answers

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©THESTAR EXAM SOLUTIONS 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. NAU BIO 181 Final (Schonauer) Exam Questions With Verified Answers A nucleotide consists of___________? - AnswersA phosphate group, a nitrogen base, and a 5- carbon sugar. Deoxyribose has a H at the 2' and is in - AnswersDNA Ribose has ...

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NAU BIO 181 Final (Schonauer) Exam
Questions With Verified Answers


A nucleotide consists of___________? - Answers✔A phosphate group, a nitrogen base, and a 5-
carbon sugar.
Deoxyribose has a H at the 2' and is in - Answers✔DNA

Ribose has a OH at the 2' and is in - Answers✔RNA
Cytosine is a - Answers✔Pyrimidine

Uracil only exists in RNA and is a - Answers✔Pyrimidine

Thymine only exists in DNA and is a - Answers✔Pyrimidine
Pyrimidines are __________ than purines - Answers✔smaller

Purines are __________ than pyrimidines - Answers✔larger

Guanine is a - Answers✔Purine
Adenine is a - Answers✔Purine

Nucleic acids are - Answers✔polymers
A nucleoside only consists of what two things? - Answers✔5-carbon sugars and the nitrogen
base
The sugar-phosphate backbone is what type of bond? - Answers✔A phospho-diester bond

Polymerization requires energy from what? - Answers✔Active nucleotides or nucleotide
triphosphates such as (aTP, tTP, cTP, gTP, uTP)
What is the polarity of a nucleotide chain? - Answers✔5'-3'
Polymerization requires energy from where? - Answers✔Energy already in the system.

How many H bonds in: A➝T - Answers✔2
How many H bonds in: G➝C - Answers✔3

, ©THESTAR EXAM SOLUTIONS 2024/2025
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
How many strands of DNA are in one chromosome? - Answers✔2

What is the main difference between RNA and DNA? - Answers✔RNA is single stranded
whereas DNA is double stranded
How is DNA replicated? - Answers✔Replication is semiconservative, which means that teach
strands is a template.
What would happen if DNA ligase were defective? - Answers✔The lagging strand synthesis
would be incomplete.


The leading strands synthesis would barely be affected.
When is DNA is reactive? - Answers✔When it is single-stranded

Where does overhang of DNA exist? - Answers✔At the 3' end of the lagging strand.
What are the ends of chromosomes called? - Answers✔Telomeres

What enzyme prevents shortening? - Answers✔Telomerase

Why are cancer cells are immortal? - Answers✔Because they have active telomerase.
What does DNA polymerase proofreading do? - Answers✔They just kinda "backspace"

What does DNA mismatch repair do? - Answers✔Enzymes will "chop out" the problem, then
DNA Polymerase III puts in the right one.
What does nucleotide excision repair do? - Answers✔A small region of the strand surrounding
the damage is removed from the DNA helix. The small gap left in the DNA helix is filled in by
polymerase and DNA ligase.
What can cause mutations? - Answers✔•UV light
•X-rays
•Chemicals
Transcription goes from - Answers✔DNA to RNA

Translation goes from - Answers✔DNA to Proteins

What is a gene? - Answers✔Stretches of DNA that code for a protein or functional RNA
What is a genotype determined by? - Answers✔The sequence of bases in it's DNA

One gene encodes how many proteins? - Answers✔1
mRNA connects DNA to what? - Answers✔Proteins

, ©THESTAR EXAM SOLUTIONS 2024/2025
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
How many amino acids are there? - Answers✔20

How many DNA base codes are there? - Answers✔4
What are codons? - Answers✔Groups of 3 bases

Every three bases codes for how many amino acids? - Answers✔1

What is a phenotype? - Answers✔An organism's observed properties
What is an allele? - Answers✔An alternative form of a gene

DNA is ___________ into RNA - Answers✔transcribed

RNA is ___________ into proteins - Answers✔Translated
The transcribed region goes from____________? - Answers✔the end of the promoter to the end
of the terminator
What is the first stage of transcription? - Answers✔Initiation

What is the second stage of transcription? - Answers✔Elongation
What is the third stage of transcription? - Answers✔Termination

Sigma is necessary for - Answers✔transcription in prokaryotes

In prokaryotes, when does transcription end? - Answers✔When a hairpin loop is formed
When transcription in prokaryotes ends it is now______? - Answers✔A mature mRNA that's
ready for translation
There is no sigma for - Answers✔transcription in eukaryotes

Basal Transcription factors are necessary for - Answers✔transcription in eukaryotes
In eukaryotes, how does transcription end? - Answers✔A poly (A) signal causes termination.

After transcription in eukaryotes ends, is it a mature mRNA? - Answers✔no

RNA processing in eukaryotes requires - Answers✔splicing
Introns - Answers✔the non-coding regions of mRNA
(they are IN the way)
Exons - Answers✔the coding regions of mRNA
(they need to be EXpressed)
Splice - Answers✔to join or connect

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