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Biochemistry-Signalling

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  • Biochemistry
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  • Biochemistry

"Master the fundamentals of biochemistry with this comprehensive guide. From the structure and function of biomolecules to the complex processes of cellular signaling and regulation, this textbook provides a thorough understanding of the molecular processes that govern our bodies. With detailed exp...

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  • December 21, 2024
  • 5
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
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  • Biochemistry
  • Biochemistry
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GoldenChapter
Biochemistry

Signalling




Compiled By Simon Mwangi
Edition: 2024/25

, Science | Biochemistry I of IV pages
1. Signal transduction pathway (5 steps)
Release of primary messengerReception of primary messengerDelivery of messenger inside cell by second

2. What does GPCR stand for?
G-protein coupled receptors

3. Most common mutation in cancer
Mutation in Ras

4. What does GEF stand for?
GDP exchange factor

5. What facilitates the change from GDP to GTP?
SOS (GEF) which binds to Ras

6. What is the first messenger?
Extracellular signal that activates a receptor from the outside of the cell

7. What is the second messenger?
low MW metabolite or inorganic ion that changes in concentration due to the effector enzyme

8. Where is Glut 4 especially present?
In the cytoplasm

9. Is there a high or low amount of second messengers during the resting state of the cell?
Low

10. Common second messengers
Calcium ion Diaclyglycerol Cyclic GMPCyclic AMPInostiol 1,4,5-triohosphate (IP3)

11. What activates the formation of cyclic nucleotides?
Adenylyl cyclase

12. What deactivates the formation of cyclic nucleotides?
cAMP phosphodiesterases

13. What does PI 3-kinase produce?
PIP3 Phosphorylates inositol (PIP2) in the 3rd position

14. What kind of messenger is calcium?
Second messenger

15. Is signal transduction specific?
Yes very specific

16. What is the Ka when the affinity is high?
Low


Biochemistry 2024/25 Edition

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