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Anatomical Terms Quiz Study Guide
- Course
- BIOL 121 (BIOL121)
- Institution
- Harrisburg Area Community College
Anatomical Terms Quiz Study Guide
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Anatomy 1 Lab - Quiz 1 Terms - Anatomical TermsDirectional Terms:
Supine - The body is lying face up / lying on the spine. Spine rhymes with supine.
Prone - The body is lying face down.
Superior - Towards the head or the upper part of a structure.
Inferior - Away from the head, or the lower part of a structure.
Anterior - Nearer to or at the front of the body.
Posterior - Nearer to or at the back of the body.
Medial - Nearer to the midline.
Lateral - Farther from the midline.
Intermediate - Between two structures.
Ipsilateral - On the same side of the body as another structure.
Contralateral - On the opposite side of the body from another structure.
Proximal - Nearer to the attachment of a limb to the trunk; nearer to the origination of the
structure.
Distal - Farther from the attachment of a limb to the trunk; further from the origination of a
structure.
Superficial - Toward or on the surface of the body.
, Deep - Away from the surface of the body.
Planes and Sections:
Sagittal Plane - Slices an object making a left and right half. (Midsaggital when the halves are
equal, parasagital when the halves are not equal).
Frontal / Coronal Plane - Slices an object into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions.
Transverse / Cross-sectional / Horizontal Plane - Slices an object into superior (upper) and
inferior (lower) portions.
Oblique Plane - Passes through an object at an angle.
Body / Organ Systems:
Cardiovascular System - Transports nutrients, chemical messengers, gases, and wastes in
blood. Major organs include the heart and blood vessels.
Respiratory System - Addes oxygen to blood and removes carbon dioxide from blood;
produces sound; maintains body fluid pH. Major organs include the nose, pharynx (throat),
larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs.
Digestive System - Break down food into units that can absorbed into the body, eliminates
wastes and non-digestable fiber in foods. Major organs include the mouth, salivary glands,
pharynx, esophagus stomach intestines, pancreas, liver, and gallbladder.
Urinary System - Removes nitrogenous wastes; maintains body fluid volume, pH, and
electrolyte levels through urine production. Major organs include the kidneys, ureters, urinary
bladder, and the urethra.
Integumentary System - Provides a protective barrier for the body and aids in the production of
vitamin D; eliminates some waste; contains sensory receptors for pain, touch, and temperature;
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