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Nutrition and Health Exam 3 Doctor Miller Rutgers University questions and answers 2025.
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Nutrition and Health Exam 3 Doctor Miller Rutgers University questions and answers 2025.
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Nutrition and Health Exam 3:Doctor Miller Rutgers
University questions and
answers 2025
Food Sources of Biotin - answer peanuts, yogurt,
carrots, avocado, cashews, bananas, onions,
tomatoes, almonds
Site of Biotin Absorption - answer Small intestine
(duodenum and jejunum); gut bacteria is a
significant source of biotin
Bioavilability in Biotin - answer Biotin is typically
bound to protein in food; usually does not affect
bioavailability much. There is an exception
however; avidin (found in egg whites) this is
because: very strong binding to biotin, so it
inhibits absorption.
Biotin Functions - answer Carboxylation Reactions:
Gluconeogenis, protein catabolism, Fatty Acid
synthesis, ATP Production
Biotin Deficiency - answer Not common; daily
consumption of a large number of raw eggs,
,intestinal decease that block absorption,
depression, hallucinogens, seizures,
developmental delays.
Food Sources of Calcium - answer dairy products,
green leafy vegetables, and salmon and sardines
Calcium Absorption and Bio; Chelators Inhibit
Absorption - answer Oxylates (green vegetables,
tea coacoa), Phyates(whole grains, and nuts),
Dairy(calcium)
Functions of Calcium - answer Bones and teeth,
component of hydroxyapatie
; structure and strenght, blood clot formation with
Vitamin K, muscle contraction and nerve
conduction, vision, regulation of blood glucose, cell
differentiation, enyme cofactor, may affect vascular
disease and cancer
Calcium Deficiency - answer Muscle Pain and
Weakness: if severe deficiency--> tetany
Calcium Toxicity - answer KIdnery stones,
interference with iron and zinc absorption, excess
Vitamin D.
, Cooper Sources - answer Calf liver, seasame seeds,
cashews, musghrooms, spelt, soybeans, barley,
sunflower seeds, tempeh, garbanzo beans
Steps of Cooper Absorption - answer 1. Mainly
absorbed in the duodenum (first part of small
intestine), but partly absorbed in the stomach and
the ileum (last part of the small intestine)
2. Actively transported into the intestinal cell
(enterocyte)
3. Some copper is bound by protein, metallothioein
which retains the copper in the enterocyte
4. Some copper is transported into the blood and
carried to the liver by albumin
Factors affecting copper absorption - answer 1.
when cooper status is high-- metallotionen levels
in the intestinal cell increase and bind excess
copper. This prevents too much cooper from being
absorbed.
2. Metallothionein levels in the intestinal cell also
increase when zinc status is high. Met. has a
higher affinity for copper than zinc. If someone
takes high dose of zinc supplements, it can cause
copper and prevent copper absorption.
Copper Homeostasis - answer 1. Cooper enters the
blood and is bound to albumin
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