Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th
Edition) Chapter 1
Anatomy - ANS - Studies the structure of body parts and their relationships to one another
\Physiology - ANS - Concerns the function of the body, in other words how the body parts work
and carry out their life sustaining activities
\Gross(macroscopic) anatomy - ANS - study of large body structures visible to the naked eye
\Regional Anatomy - ANS - All the structures (muscles, bones, blood vessels, nerves calm,etc.)
in a particular region of the body, such as the abdomen or leg, are examined at the same time
\Systemic anatomy - ANS - body structure is studied system by system
\surface anatomy - ANS - the study of internal structures as they relate to the overlying skin
surface
\Microscopic Anatomy - ANS - deals with structures too small to be seen with the naked eye
\Cytology - ANS - study of cells
\Histology - ANS - study of tissues
\embryology - ANS - study of embryos and their development
\pathological anatomy - ANS - study of structural changes caused by disease
\radiographic anatomy - ANS - studies internal structures as visualized by X-ray images or
specialized scanning procedures
\Palpation - ANS - feeling organs with your hands
\Auscultation - ANS - Listening to organ sounds with a stethoscope
\Renal Physiology - ANS - concerns kidney function and urine production
\Neurophysiology - ANS - explains the workings of the nervous system
\cardiovascular physiology - ANS - examines the operation of the heart and blood vessels
\principle of complementarity of structure and function - ANS - function always reflects structure;
what a structure can do depends on its specific form
\chemical level - ANS - atoms combine to form molecules
\Atoms - ANS - Building blocks of matter
\Molecules - ANS - Groups of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds
\organelles - ANS - A tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within the cell
\Cells - ANS - smallest unit of life
\Tissues - ANS - Groups of cells with a common structure and function
\Levels of organization - ANS - cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
\maintaining boundaries - ANS - the internal environment remains distinct from the external
environment
\plasma membrane - ANS - A selectively-permeable phospholipid bilayer forming the boundary
of the cells
\intracellular fluid - ANS - fluid within cells
\extracellular fluid - ANS - fluid outside the cell
\Movement - ANS - activities promoted by the muscular system
\Contractility - ANS - ability to shorten when an adequate stimulus is received
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