Exam (elaborations)
Thyroid Disorder exam 4 Adult
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- Thyroid
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- Stanford University
Thyroid Disorder exam 4 Adult
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Exam 4 AdultStudy online at https://quizlet.com/_dsvwum
1. What are some role-relationship questions a nurse would ask to ascertain
information about a possible thyroid disorder?: Questions about support sys-
tem, partner, family, work, and retirement.
2. What are some sexuality-reproductive questions a nurse would ask a female
patient to ascertain information about a possible thyroid disorder?: Ques-
tions about menstruation, menstrual flow, childbirth, diabetes during pregnancy,
menopause, and pregnancy attempts.
3. What are some sexuality-reproductive questions a nurse would ask a male
patient to ascertain information about a possible thyroid disorder?: Questions
about changes in ability to have an erection and attempts to have children.
4. What are some coping-stress tolerance questions a nurse would ask to
ascertain information about a possible thyroid disorder?: Questions about
stressors, coping mechanisms, and support system.
5. What are some value-belief questions a nurse would ask to ascertain infor-
mation about a possible thyroid disorder?: Questions about taking medicine and
conflicts with prescribed therapies.
6. What hormone would indicate a pituitary disorder & not a primary thyroid
disorder?: Growth Hormone
7. What hormones would indicate a problem with the thyroid gland itself?: TSH
is most sensitive and accurate
8. What does an A1C evaluate?: Measures average blood glucose for past 90
days, used to diagnose and screen diabetes treatment plans.
9. What are the indications, instructions, and medications that could interfere
with oral glucose tolerance test?: Patient should fast 8-12 hours prior.
Many drugs may influence results, including caffeine and smoking. E
nsure that patient's diet 3 days before test includes 150-300 g of carbohydrate with
intake of at least 1500 cal/day.
10. What assessment question should be asked to ascertain information
about symptoms of type 1 diabetes?: What symptoms are you experiencing?
11. What is type 1 diabetes?: An autoimmune disorder in which the body develops
antibodies against insulin and/or the pancreatic ²cells that make insulin. This even-
tually results in not enough insulin for a person to survive. A genetic predisposition
and exposure to a virus are factors that may contribute to the development of
immune-related type 1 diabetes. Type 1 diabetes generally affects people under 40
years of age, although it can occur at any age.
12. What is a goiter?: An enlarged thyroid gland. In a person with a goiter, the
thyroid cells are stimulated to grow. This may result in an overactive thyroid (hyper-
thyroidism) or an underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism).
, Exam 4 Adult
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_dsvwum
13. How do you assess a goiter?: Palpate the thyroid for its size, shape, symmetry,
and tenderness and for any nodules. Be careful not to press too hard or massage
an enlarged thyroid gland. This can cause a sudden release of thyroid hormone into
an already overloaded system. An experienced clinician should perform palpation
in patients with a known diagnosis of hyperthyroidism.
14. How and when should blood glucose levels be checked?: Before meals, two
hours after first bite, when hypoglycemia is suspected, every 4 hours during illness,
before and after exercise.
15. What are the onset, peak, and duration of insulins?: Insulin aspart: onset
10-20 min, peak 1-3 hr, duration 3-5 hr. Insulin lispro: onset 10-20 min, peak 1-3 hr,
duration 3-5 hr. Regular insulin: onset 30-60 min, peak 2-4 hr, duration 5-8 hr. NPH
insulin: onset 1-2 hr, peak 4-12 hr, duration 18-24 hr. Insulin glargine: onset 1-2 hr,
no peak, duration 24 hr. Insulin detemir: onset 1-2 hr, no peak, duration 12-24 hr.
16. What is the function of insulin?: Lowers blood glucose
17. What is the normal glucose range facilitated by insulin?: 74-106 mg/dL
(4.1-5.9 mmol/L)
18. What is the daily amount of insulin secreted by an adult?: 40-50 U or 0.6
U/kg of body weight
19. What is hypoglycemia?: Low blood glucose level (<70 mg/dL) due to excess
insulin or oral hypoglycemics.
20. What are the causes of hypoglycemia?: Too little food, delaying time of eating,
too much exercise, peak time for meds, or disruption in daily routine.
21. What are the common manifestations of hypoglycemia?: Shakiness, pal-
pitations, nervousness, diaphoresis, anxiety, hunger, pallor, and mimics alcohol
intoxication.
22. What can untreated hypoglycemia progress to?: Loss of consciousness,
seizures, coma, and death.
23. What is hypoglycemia unawareness?: No warning signs/symptoms until glu-
cose level is critically low, related to diabetes-related autonomic neuropathy &
secretion of counterregulatory hormones.
24. What type of insulin is given to cover carbohydrates & blood glucose?: -
Bolus insulin replacement (Mealtime Insulin) such as aspart (NovoLog), glulisine
(Apidra), and lispro (Humalog).
25. When should rapid-acting analogs be injected?: Within 15 minutes of meal-
time.
26. When should regular insulin be injected?: 30 to 45 minutes before a meal.
27. What is the goal for self-management of diabetes?: Match level of self-man-
agement to ability for active participation for better outcomes.
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