Touhy: Ebersole & Hess' Toward Healthy Aging, 9th Edition
Chapter 01: Health and Wellness in an Aging Society
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. When asked by new parents what the life expectancy is for their African American newborn,
the nurse replies that, “2010 statistics indicate that your son:
a. wi...
,Touhy: Ebersole & Hess' Toward Healthy Aging, 9th Edition
Chapter 01: Health and Wellness in an Aging Society
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. When asked by new parents what the life expectancy is for their African American newborn,
the nurse replies that, “2010 statistics indicate that your son:
a. will have a life expectancy of approximately 65 years.”
b. can realistically expect to live into his late 80s.”
c. has a good chance of celebrating his 75th birthday.”
d. is likely to live into his late 90s.”
ANS: C
In 2010, men in the United States at age 60 can expect to live another 22 years. The life
expectancy of African American men is about 4.7 years less than white men. Of the options
above, C is the only response that fits into those parameters. The other options are not
supported by reliable research.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding REF: p. 3
TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
2. A nurse is planning care for a group of super-centenarians in an assisted living facility. The
nurse considers which of the following?
a. Most super-centenarians are functionally independent or require minimal
assistance with activities of daily living
b. The majority of super-centenarians have cognitive impairment
c. The number of super-centenarians is expected to decrease in coming years as a
result of heart disease and stroke
d. It is theorized that super-centenarians survived as long as they have due to genetic
mutations that made them less susceptible to common diseases
ANS: A
Research supports that most super-centenarians are functionally and cognitively intact,
requiring minimal assistance with ADLs. The number of super-centenarians is expected to
increase in coming years as the number of older adults increases. The reason why individuals
survived as long as they have is not known.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p. 4
TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
3. One reason why many “baby boomers” have multiple chronic conditions such as heart disease,
diabetes, and arthritis is that:
a. they have less access to medication and other treatment regimens.
b. there was a lack of importance placed on healthy living as they were growing up.
c. they did not have access to immunizations against communicable disease when
they were children.
d. they grew up in an era of rampant poverty and malnutrition.
, ANS: B
The baby boomers, individuals born between 1946 and 1964, post-WWII, have better access
to medication and treatment regimens than other cohorts. They have had the benefit of the
development of immunizations against communicable diseases. They grew up in an era of
prosperity post-WWII. However, there was a lack of importance placed on what we now
consider healthy living when they were younger. Smoking, for example, was not condoned,
but was considered a symbol of status. Candy in the shape of cigarettes was popular, and there
was much secondhand smoke.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p. 6
TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
4. A nurse is planning an education program on wellness in a local senior citizen center. The
nurse plans to provide education on the importance of immunizations, annual physical
examinations, screening for diabetes, and vision and hearing screening. It is important for the
nurse to understand which of the following?
a. Approximately 40% of older adults (ages 65 and older) utilize available preventive
services
b. Preventive strategies are more widely used in the 40-64 age group than in the 65
and over age group
c. The research on health promotion strategies in older adults demonstrates that they
have low efficacy
d. There is an abundance of research specific to health promotion and aging
ANS: A
Approximately 40% of individuals, ages 65 and older, utilize the preventive services that are
available to them. However, only 24% of those between the ages of 40 and 64 do so. There is
a paucity of research specific to health promotion and aging; however, the research that exists
demonstrates that health promotion strategies are highly effective.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding REF: p. 7
TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
5. A nurse is caring for an 85-year-old male client with diabetes in a community setting. The
nurse promotes functional wellness by which of the following activities?
a. Encouraging the client maintains current levels of physical activity
b. Assisting the client to receive all the recommended preventive screenings that are
appropriate for his age group
c. Teaching the patient how to use a rolling walker so that he can ambulate for longer
distances
d. Encouraging the client to attend his weekly chess games
ANS: A
Maintaining existing levels of physical activity is consistent with functional wellness.
Teaching the client how to use a rolling walker enables the client to remain active at the
highest level possible, which is an example of promoting functional wellness. Receiving
recommended screening is an example of promoting biological wellness. The use of a rolling
walker should be based on assessment of physical ability. Encouraging the client to attend
weekly chess games is an example of promoting social wellness.
, DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying REF: p. 10
TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
6. Based oon othe ocensus oreports oof o2010, othe otypical oprofile oof oa ocentenarian oin othe
oUnited oStates oincludes owhich oof othe ofollowing ocharacteristics?
a. A oCaucasian owoman owho olives oin oan ourban oarea oof oa oSouthern ostate
b. An oAfrican oAmerican owoman owho olives oin oa orural oarea oof oa oSouthern ostate
c. A oHispanic oman owho olives oin oan ourban oarea oof oa oMidwestern ostate
d. A oCaucasian oman owho olives oin oa orural oarea oof oa oMidwestern ostate
ANS: o A
Based oon othe o2010 oU.S. oCensus odata, ocentenarians owere ooverwhelmingly owhite o(82.5%),
owomen o(82.8%), oand oliving oin ourban oareas oof othe oSouthern ostates.
DIF: Cognitive oLevel: oApplying REF: op.
o5 oTOP: o Integrated oProcess: oTeaching/Learning
MSC: o Client oNeeds: oHealth oPromotion oand oMaintenance
MULTIPLE oRESPONSE
1. Primary oprevention ostrategies ofor oolder oadults oinclude owhich oof othe ofollowing? o(Select
oall othat oapply.)
a. An oannual oinfluenza oimmunization oclinic
b. A osmoking ocessation oprogram
c. A oprostate oscreening oprogram
d. A ocardiac orehabilitation oprogram
e. A omeal oplanning oeducation oprogram ofor otype o2 odiabetics
ANS: o A, oB
Primary oprevention orefers oto ostrategies othat oare oused oto oprevent oan oillness obefore oit
ooccurs oand omaintaining owellness oacross othe ocontinuum oof ocare. oImmunizations oand
osmoking ocessation oare oexamples oof oprimary oprevention. oSecondary oprevention ois othe
oearly odetection oof oa odisease oor oa ohealth oproblem othat ohas oalready odeveloped. oProstate
oscreening ois oan oexample oof osecondary oprevention. oTertiary oprevention oaddresses othe
oneeds oof oindividuals owho oalready ohave otheir owellness ochallenged. oCardiac orehabilitation
oand omeal oplanning ofor odiabetics oare oexamples oof otertiary oprevention.
DIF: Cognitive oLevel: oApplying REF: opp. o8–
9 oTOP: o Integrated oProcess: oTeaching/Learning
MSC: o Client oNeeds: oManagement oof oCare
2. A onurse oorganizes oa ohealth ofair ofor oolder oadults. oThe onurse’s ogoal ois oto ofocus oon othe
osix opriority oareas oidentified oby othe oNational oPrevention oCouncil. oWhich oof othe
ofollowing oactivities oshould othe onurse oinclude? o(Select oall othat oapply.)
a. Smoking ocessation
b. Depression oscreening
c. Recognizing oelder oabuse
d. Cholesterol oscreening
e. Fitness otraining
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