EXAM PATHOPHYSIOLOGY: HESI RN
ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY,
2025/2026 ACTUAL WITH
CORRECT/ACCURATE ANSWERS
What causes a shift of the oxyhemoglobin curve to the right?
a. Chronic disease.
b. Increased pH
c. Decreased H+ ions
d. Decreased temperature - CORRECT ANSWERS- a. Chronic
disease
What is the term used for an excess of RBCs?
a. Anemia
b. Polycythemia
c. Pancytopenia
d. Granulocytosis - CORRECT ANSWERS- b. Polycythemia
What is false regarding aplastic anemia?
a. It runs in families
b. It causes overproduction of hematopoietic tissue
,c. It is characterized by pancytopenia
d. It is caused by viral infections - CORRECT ANSWERS- b. It
causes overproduction of hematopoietic tissue
Which of the following is a macrocytic anemia?
a. Thalassemia
b. Anemia of chronic renal failure
c. Iron deficiency anemia
d. Pernicious anemia - CORRECT ANSWERS- d. Pernicious anemia
Which of the following are appropriate for sickle cell anemia?
a. Early spleen removal
b. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) for fever
c. Dehydration to prevent vaso-occlusive crises
d. Maintain cool room temperature to prevent fever - CORRECT
ANSWERS- b. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) for fever
Anemia of chronic disease is caused by lack of what hormone?
a. Estrogen
b. Erythropoietin
c. Parathyroid hormone
d. Adrenaline - CORRECT ANSWERS- b. Erythropoietin
,S/Sx of anemia are: (select all that apply)
a. Pallor
b. Bradycardia
c. Shortness of breath
d. Reduced activity tolerance
e. Dry mucous membranes - CORRECT ANSWERS- a. Pallor
c. Shortness of breath
d. Reduced activity tolerance
How do platelets contribute to hemostasis?
a. Cause vasoconstriction
b. Stimulate fibrinolysis
c. Clumping
d. Intrinsic pathway - CORRECT ANSWERS- c. Clumping
What is true of petechiae in vascular and platelet disorders?
a. Red, raised and macular
b. Flat and purple with vesicles
c. Flat, pinpoint and non-blanching
d. Raised, red and blanching - CORRECT ANSWERS- c. Flat,
pinpoint and non-blanching
What is true about disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)?
, a. It is both a bleeding and a clotting disorder
b. The acute form has more thrombotic episodes
c. Fibrinogen level is increased
d. Fibrin split products are decreased - CORRECT ANSWERS- a. It
is both a bleeding and a clotting disorder
Allergic purpura lesions include all of the flowing except:
a. fever, itching, arthralgias
b. Very palpable lesions
c. Bleeding from lesions
d. Lesions located mainly on the trunk and face - CORRECT
ANSWERS- d. Lesions located mainly on the trunk and face
Which statement is true about the lymphatic system?
a. The arrangement of the lymphatic system is very similar to that
of the circulatory
system
b. One of the functions of the lymphatic system is to reabsorb
fluid that leaks out of
he vascular network into the interstitium and to return it to the
general circulation
c. Lymphatic vessels are more like arteries in that they are thick-
walled and have no
valves
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