TEST BANK for Human Learning, 8th Edition by Ormrod, Verified Chapters 1 - 15, Complete Newest Version TEST BANK for Human Learning, 8th Edition by Ormrod, Verified Chapters 1 - 15, Complete Newest Version TEST BANK for Human Learning, 8th Edition by Ormrod, Verified Chapters 1 - 15, Complete Newes...
TEST BANK for Human Learning
8th Edition Ormrod, CHAPTER 1 - 1
, CHAPTER 1 BR
PERSPECTIVES ON LEARNING BR BR
Multiple Choice Questions
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Human beings undoubtedly learn more during the course of a lifetime th
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anany other species on earth. The major result of this capacity to learn is t
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hat:
New instincts begin to emerge.BR BR BR BR
Human thought becomes less logical with each generatio
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n.Humans can benefit from their experiences.
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Humans are the only species whose behavior cannot be analyzed
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interms of stimuli and responses.
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Three of the following are examples of learning. Which one is not?
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Abigail cries when she steps on a sharp pebble.
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After many hours of heated debate, Brian begins to advoca
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tepolitical practices he has previously opposed.
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Cara suddenly recognizes how the division fact ―24 ’ 4 = 6‖ is rela
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ted to the multiplication fact ―6 x 4 = 24.‖
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David has been running away from German shepherds ever since
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hewas bitten by a German shepherd two years ago.
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Reynelda has trouble tracing a complex shape with a pencil when she is
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in kindergarten, but she can do it quite well by the time she is in second gr
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ade. Isthis an instance of learning?
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Yes, because her behavior has changed.
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No, because the circumstances are too dissimilar.
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Maybe, although the change may simply be due
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tophysiological maturation.
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Maybe, but only if she is being reinforced for tracing accurately.
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2
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Perspectives on Learning
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Three of the following illustrate various ways that learning might be refle
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cted in a person‘s behavior. Which one of the following changes does not nec
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essarily reflect learning?
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Although it‘s a school night, Dean plays video games until well past
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hisusual bedtime. As he becomes more tired, he finds it increasingly
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difficult to concentrate on what he‘s doing. BR BR BR BR BR BR
Even as a young child, Jerry could tell you that his grandparen
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ts immigrated to the United States from Ireland. But after a co
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nversation with his grandmother, he can now describe the circ BR BR BR BR BR BR BR BR BR
umstances of the family‘s immigration in considerable detail. BR BR BR BR BR BR BR
Day after day, Martin practices his basketball skills (shooting,dribbli
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ng, etc.) on a basketball court at a local park. With each practice sess
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ion, his movements become faster and smoother.
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Lewis occasionally asks for help when he has difficulty with his clas
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swork, but most of the time he just struggles quietly on his own. Aft
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er his teacher assures him that asking for help is not a sign of weakn
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ess or inability, he begins asking for help much more frequently.
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BR research examines learning in tightly controlled settings and BR BR BR BR BR BR BR
BR research examines learning in real-world settings. BR BR BR BR BR
Applied; Basic Basi BR BR
c; Qualitative Quali
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tative; AppliedBasic BR B
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; Applied
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A principle of learning can best be characterized as:
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A description of the results of a particular research study
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A statement that describes how a particular factor affects learning
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The measurement of how much learning has occurred in
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aparticular situation
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An explanation of the underlying processes through which learning occurs
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A theory of learning can best be characterized as:
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A description of the results of a particular research study
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A statement that describes how a particular factor affects learning
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The measurement of how much learning has occurred in
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aparticular situation
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An explanation of the underlying processes through which learning occurs
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3
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Perspectives on Learning
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Three of the following are principles of learning. Which one is a theory
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of learning rather than a principle?
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A behavior that is followed by punishment decreases in frequency.
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People learn by making mental associations between new informati
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onand their existing knowledge.
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A response that is rewarded every time it occurs increases mo
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rerapidly than a response that is only occasionally rewarded.
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Students tend to remember more of a lecture if they take notes o
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nthe lecture‘s content.
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Which one of the following common sayings best reflects the conce
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ptof introspection?
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―Where there‘s a will, there‘s a way.‖ BR BR BR BR BR BR
―Nothing ventured, nothing gained.‖ BR BR BR
―A penny for your thoughts.‖ BR BR BR BR
―Old habits die hard.‖ BR BR BR
Which one of the following common sayings best reflects the bas
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icpremise underlying social learning theory?
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―Monkey see, monkey do.‖ BR BR BR
―Spare the rod and spoil the child.‖ BR BR BR BR BR BR
―A friend in need is a friend indeed.‖
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―A rolling stone gathers no moss.‖
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Which one of the following statements provides the most credible expl
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anation for the fact that human beings seem to surpass all other animals
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pecies in their thinking and learning capacities?
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Only human beings have the capability to make tools.
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Humans communicate regularly with one another and, in doing s
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o,pass along what they‘ve learned to future generations.
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Human beings have a huge repertoire of instinctual behaviors fro
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mwhich they can draw when they encounter new experiences.
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Human brains are smaller than those of other intelligent species (e.g.
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, elephants, dolphins) and therefore can transmit messages more quic
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klyand efficiently. B
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4
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