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HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWER
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HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWER
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HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY EXAMQUESTIONS AND ANSWER
What made the Biopsychosocial model effective? - Answer--multi-cause, multi-effect
approach to health and illness
-facilitates interdisciplinary research and effective theories
-accounts for why some people get sick and others don't and resilience.
The Scientific Method - Answer-1. Specify a problem or hypothesis
2. Form an operational definition
3. collect data
4. analyze the data
5. draw conclusions/ form a theory
Types of research designs/studies: - Answer--correlational designs
-experimental
-quasi-experimental
Correlational Studies - Answer--identify factors related to disease
-degree of relationship between two variables
-descriptive research design
Limitation: doesn't determine causality
Experimental Designs: - Answer--to determine causality-compare at least 2 groups, an
experimental and control group
-involves MANIPULATION of the independent variable to see the effect on the
dependent variable
-random assignment
independent variable - Answer-the factor being studied
dependent variable - Answer-the measured outcome of the experiment
Weaknesses of experiments - Answer--artificial settings (can influence behavior)
-ethics
Quasi-experimental designs - Answer-used because it is not ethical to manipulate
certain variables in an experiment (ex: sunscreen)
-no iv and no random assignment
-subject variables- factors in naturally occurring conditions
Cross-sectional research - Answer-different participants of various ages are compared
at ONE point in time to determine age related differences
, Longitudinal research - Answer-Same participants are studied at various ages to
determine age-related changes
retrospective study - Answer-GO BACK IN TIME
begin with a group of people already suffering from a particular disease or disorder and
then look backward for characteristics or conditions that marked them as being different
from people who did not have that problem
Prospective studies - Answer-Look to future
-follow a group of people over a period of time to determine whether a given condition
(e.g: cigarette smoking) is related to a later condition (e.g: heart disease)
Ways to collect data - Answer--observations (obtrusive or unobtrusive)
-surveys or questionnaires
-interviews
-archival data
-physiologic measures
Archival research (data) - Answer--observational approach to collect data
-researchers use already-recorded behavior, e.g: divorce rates, disease rates and death
rates.
What is good scientific research? - Answer--a scientific theory must be tested before it
is accepted
How to be savvy consumer of research? - Answer--where are u getting your info?
-what kind of study is it?
-what is the IV or subject variable? What is the DV?
-what do u know about the people in the study?
-what did they do in the study?
-third variable or confounding factors?
Randomized Clinical Trials - Answer-An experimental design which exclusively tests the
effect of a new drug, treatment or intervention. More expensive than experiments.
1. experimental and placebo/comparison condition
2. double blind
3. random assignment
How can we evaluate research studies? - Answer--internal validity
-external validity
External Validity - Answer--the experiment is repeatable
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