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PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY-EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY-EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY-EXAMQUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
Galvani (1700s) and His Frogs - Answer-- Nerves are like wires conducting electricity
- Destroyed Descartes model
Helmholtz (1800s) - Answer-- How come nerves conduction speed is only 90ft/sec?
- Showed Galvani's model was to simple
Nature vs Nurture Controversy and the Brain - Answer-- Basic philosophical issue
question driving psychology (along with mind/body problem)
- How much of Brain and Behavior is due to heredity?
- How much of Brain and Behavior is due to the environment?
- How do heredity and environment interact?
Gene - Answer-- Unit of heredity
- Just a portion of chromosomes
- Found on chromosomes (inside the nucleus of each cell)
Human Chromosomes - Answer-- Humans have 46 Chromosomes in 23 pairs
DNA - Answer-- Deoxyribonucleic Acid
- Double stranded
DNA Bases - Answer-- Adenine
- Thymine
- Guanine
- Cytosine
- The order in which T, A, C, G appears forms the code that carries all genetic
information
Dominant - Answer-- Produces its effects regardless of which gene it is paired with
- No matter what other gene it is paired with, the dominant gene will be expressed
Recessive - Answer-- Produces its effects only when paired with the same recessive
gene on the other chromosome
Heterozygous - Answer-- Different genes
- (Rr or rR)
Homozygous - Answer-- Identical genes
- (RR or rr)
, Genotype - Answer-- Genetic trait
Phenotype - Answer-- Physical trait that is expressed
Different genotypes, same phenotypes - Answer-- EX. (Rr x Rr = RR, Rr, Rr, rr) —> RR
and Rr are the same phenotype but different genotype
Neurons - Answer-- Specialized cells that receive information and send it to other cells
- Trigger information and send it typically to other neurons
- Carry information within the brain and throughout the rest of the body
- Neurons are comprised of a sending neuron and a receiving neuron (in communication
with each other)
How many neurons? - Answer-- About 100 Billion neurons in the brain
- Higher brain areas contain 26-29 billion neurons
- Cerebellum (small brain) contains 70 billion neurons
- Spinal Chord contains 1 billion neurons
Glial Cells - Answer-- Cells that provide structural and functional support
- Like "glue"
Dendrites - Answer-- Fibers that review information either from our sensory receptors or
other neurons
Cell Body - Answer-- Receives and stores information that was picked up by the
dendrite
Axon - Answer-- A tube like extension which transmits the information from the cell body
to terminal fibers
- Coated by a fatty substance called the Myelin sheath
Motor Neuron
- Description - Answer-- "Output Neuron"
- Receives information from other neurons
- Carries information to muscle or gland cells
- Conducts messages from brain and spinal cord to muscles and organs
- Description:
- Multipolar (Throughout Nervous System): Axon, dendrites extend in several directions
from cell body
Sensory Neuron
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