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PRINCIPLES OF PSYCHOLOGY- EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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PRINCIPLES OF PSYCHOLOGY- EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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PRINCIPLES OF PSYCHOLOGY- EXAMQUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Colour-blindness - answer-problems with receptors on the retina resulting in color
deficiency
Opponent process theory - answer-explains after images, tiring of one color results in
the presentation of the opposite color
Trichromatic theory - answer-relationship between the 3 cones determining which colors
are seen
Gestalt principles - answer-organization/patterning allows us to see the whole rather
than the sum of its part
Figure groud - answer-image on the retina is the same but the perceptual example
varies
Proximity - answer-objects that are near one another appear that they are grouped
together
Contiguity - answer-refers to nearness in time, two things that happen close together in
time seem related (i.e. Puppet)
Similarity - answer-objects that are similar are grouped together
Closure - answer-missing parts are filled in to create a meaningful image
Continuity - answer-tendency to perceive things in simplest form, sees parts as a whole
rather than a bunch of pieces
Common region - answer-tendency to perceive objects in a common area as being
grouped together
Linear perspective - answer-parallel lines seem to converge at a distance
Relative size - answer-distance makes objects appear smaller
Overlap - answer-when one object blocks another object
Atmospheric perspective - answer-the farther away the hazier it appears
Texture gradient - answer-texture close up is defined, with distance less and less
, Motion paradox - answer-objects close to you move faster than those farther away
Accomodation - answer-the change in the shape or thickness of our lense when
focusing on objects at various distance
Convergence - answer-rotation of our eyes in their sockets to focus on an object, the
greater the convergence the closer the object
Binocular disparity - answer-differences between the images on each retina provides
information about depth( greater close up) ( very different- close, very similar-far)
Constancy - answer-recognition that objects are constant and unchanging even though
sensory input about them is changing (i.e. Shape size or brightness)
Illusion - answer-a false or misleading impression produced by error int he perceptual
between
Processing information - answer-the way we interpret what we received through
sensation can influence perception
Bottom up processing - answer-the analysis of small feature build ups into complete
perception (i. E. Learning to read)
Top down processing - answer-using pre-exisiting knowledge to organize individual
features into a unified whole
Lens - answer-transparent flexible dish behind iris, 3rd step in focusing
Iris - answer-muscle around pupil which controls how much light comes into eye by
making the pupil larger or smaller, 2nd step in focusing
Pupil - answer-hole in the middle of the eye where light enters
Cornea - answer-clear membrane that covers the eye. For protection and focus, curved
surface works to bend the light and focuses the eye, 1st step in focusing
Blindspot - answer-aka optic disk where the optic nerve leaves the eye, no rods or
cones here
Optic nerve - answer-axon of ganglion cells in the retina, travels out of eye into brain
Fovea - answer-middle of the retina, greatest concentration of rods and cones
Retina - answer-light sensitive area at back of eye where sensory receptor cells receive
protons of light
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