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Class notes HISTORY 262 (HIST262)
- Course
- HISTORY 262 (HIST262)
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- University Of Tennessee - Knoxville
Embracing Modernity: The Rise & Struggles of Japan
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Embracing Modernity: The Rise & Struggles of JapanThe Rise of Modern Japan
- 1843: the arrival of Commodore Perry
- 1868: the Meiji Restoration
- Cf. self-strengthening (Qing China)
- Western learning vs. national learning
- Why does a modernized Japan provide a model of expansion and conquest?
Western Learning
- “National seclusion” and Dejima island
- 1720: ban on importation of foreign books lifted
- Dutch traders as an intermediary
Western and national learning
- 1811: The Institute for Investigation of Barbarian Books established to translate Western
books
- Sakuma Shōzan (1811–64)
- 1849: created Japan’s 1st telegraph
- 1850: opened private school of Western Learning
- National Learning – since 17th c.
- Rejections: Neo-Confucianism & cultural centrality of China
- Japanese subjectivity – Japan with godly origins (the emperor & imperial house)
The opening of Japan
- Cartography
- 17th c: European mapping & surveying techniques brought to Japan by VOC
- Production of provincial maps since the late 1630s
- Dutch cartographic techniques spread across Japan
- 1853, 54: the arrival of U.S. commodore Matthew Perry
- Treaty of Kanagawa (1854)
- Opened Shimoda & Hakodate
- Subsequent treaties with Britain (1854), Russia (1855) & Netherlands (1856)
Fukuzawa Yukichi
- Born to a family of an impoverished samurai in Osaka
- Studied the Dutch Learning in Nagasaki
- Idea of progress: Social Darwinism
- 1858: founded a private school, the origin of Keiō University
- Travels of Fukuzawa
- U.S. twice (1859–60, 1867)
- Europe (Britain, France, the Netherlands & Prussia, 1862) – Conditions in the
West
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