Microbiology Final Exam study guide BRCC Questions With Complete Solutions
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BRCC
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BRCC
Microbiology Final Exam study guide BRCC
Questions With Complete Solutions
sterilization the destruction of all viable microbial life including viruses on inanimate
materials . - Performed with heat, and chemicals called sterilants
pasteurization Used to disinfect beverages (milk, fruit hui...
Microbiology Final Exam study guide BRCC
Questions With Complete Solutions
sterilization the destruction of all viable microbial life including viruses on inanimate
materials . - Performed with heat, and chemicals called sterilants
pasteurization Used to disinfect beverages (milk, fruit huice, beer, wine)
- Heat is applied to liquids to kill potential agents of infection and spoilage, while retaining the
liquid's flavor and food value.
- Does not kill endospores or thermoduric microbes
Special heat exchangers:
Flash method: expose to 71.6°C for 15 seconds
Batch method: expose to 63°C to 66°C for 30 minutes (classical method: Louis Pasteur)
UHT: expose to 1340C for 1-2 seconds
antisepsis : the destruction of most microbial life to reduce contamination on a living
surface are applied directly to exposed body surfaces to destroy or inhibit vegetative pathogens
,Microbiology Final Exam study guide BRCC
Questions With Complete Solutions
heterotroph an organism deriving its nutritional requirements from complex organic
substances. obtain its carbon in organic form, Dependent on other life forms
lysogeny is characterized by integration of the bacteriophage nucleic acid into the host
bacterium's genome or formations of a circular replicon in the bacterial cytoplasm.
gram stain a staining technique for the preliminary identification of bacteria, in which a
violet dye is applied, followed by a decolorizing agent and then a red dye. The cell walls of
certain bacteria (denoted Gram-positive ) retain the first dye and appear violet, while those that
lose it (denoted Gram-negative ) appear red.
halophiles Obligate halophiles: Require high concentrations of salt for growth (9 to 25%
NaCl). Cell walls and membranes are modified to survive
Facultative halophiles: Do not normally live in high-salt environments, resistant to salt
sarcodina
ciliophora
,Microbiology Final Exam study guide BRCC
Questions With Complete Solutions
mastogophora
apicomplexan(Sporozoa what are the four classes of protozans?
sarcodina a subphylum or other taxonomic group of protozoans of the phylum
Sarcomastigophora that includes protozoans forming pseudopodia which ordinarily serve as
organs for locomotion and taking food
ciliophors protozoa that uses cilia to move
sporozoa protozoa - those with no motility
mastigophors protozoa- those that use flagella to move
1. adsorption- precise attachment of special tail fibers to cell wall
2. penetration- injection of nucleic acid through cell wall no uncoating of nucleic acid
3. synthesis ad assembly- occurs in cytoplasm, cessation of host synthesis, viral DNA or RNA is
replicated and begins to function , viral components synthesized
, Microbiology Final Exam study guide BRCC
Questions With Complete Solutions
4. viral persistence- lysogeny
5. release from host cell- cell lyses when viral enzymes weaken it
6. cell destruction- immediate or delayed understand the lysogenic and lytic cycle of
bacteriophage
anabolic Biosynthesis: synthesis of cell molecules and structures
Requires energy input
catabolic Break the bonds of larger molecules
Release energy
amphibolism Most catabolic pathways contain strategic molecular intermediates that can
be diverted into anabolic pathways
A given molecule can serve multiple purposes to derive maximum benefit from all nutrients and
metabolites
Catabolic and anabolic pathways are integrated to improve cell efficiency
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