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RAD 117 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS 100% VERIFIED
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RAD 117 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS 100% VERIFIED...
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RAD 117 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND CORRECTANSWERS 100% VERIFIED
Occupational
Dose limits for workers and students for ________ purposes only
"Safe"
No _______ level of radiation has been established
Hormesis
The concept that there exists a beneficial aspect or result to groups of individuals from
continuing exp to small amounts of radiation. Small amounts of radiation are beneficial
stochastic effects of radiation
Probabilistic. An effect (such as cancer) which is random in occurrence (not a definite
certainty) the severity of which does not increase with increasing dose. Are considered
to have no threshold (non-threshold). There is presumed to be no known level of
radiation below which cancer cannot be induced. The likelihood of an effect increases
as the radiation dose increases. Somatic. Example: cancer and genetic alterations
Nonstochastic effects
Tissue response. Effects that are deterministic in nature (a sure thing). Experience at
any time in life. The severity of these effects increases with increasing radiation dose.
,Threshold value exists: Early ex: erythema, epilation. Late ex: cataract, fibrosis, sterility.
Also somatic.
2.5 Sv
temporary sterility radiation dose
5.0 Sv
Permanent sterility radiation dose
non-threshold dose-response
if the response or effect begins at zero and increases continuously with a dosage
Threshold dose-response
Shows that harmful effects do not occur until after the dose exceeds a threshold level
Effective dose equivalent limit system
An approach to radiation protection which establishes the upper boundary of dose of
ionizing radiation that results in negligible risk of bodily injury or genetic damage. Both
genetic and somatic responses to ionizing radiation were considered. They are
recommendations
Effective dose equivalent (He)
The calculation of dose to all of the organs of the body when radiation dose is localized.
, It is used to estimate cancer risk to individuals or populations
Effective dose equivalent equation
He = tissue weighting factor x tissue or organ of interest
0.01
bone surface, skin weighting factors
0.05
Bladder, breast, liver, esophagus, thyroid weighting factor is
0.12
Red bone marrow, lungs, colon, and stomach have the tissue weighting factor of
0.2
Gonads weighting factor
Homeostasis
process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable internal environment. Proper
cell function enables the body to maintain this
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