UNE Medical Biochemistry Midterm Review Questions and Answers 100% Pass | Revised

UNE Medical Biochemistry Midterm Review Questions and Answers 100% Pass | Revised Ribose and NADPH - A family presents for genetic counseling. The couple has two female children who are alive and well; however, their infant son recently died in the nursery with severe hemolysis (lysis of red blood cells) and jaundice. The wife recalls she lost a brother in infancy with severe hemolysis, induced after a viral infection. The physician suspects a glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, this would result in a deficiency in which of the following compounds in red blood cells? Transketolase - A patient presents to the emergency department with lactic acidosis. A deficiency in thiamine (TPP) is suspected and this will be consistent with a decrease in the activity of following enzymes? UDP-Glucose - Galactose 1-phosphate is initially converted to glucose 1-phosphate and requires which of the following compounds? Thiamine diphosphate - Which of the following cofactors is required for transketolase activity? Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate - Aldolase B facilities a reaction that cleaves fructose 1-phosphate into two 3-carbon molecules that will enter glycolysis as which of the following compounds? Glycolysis - High levels of activity of the non-oxidative portion of the pentose phosphate pathway will directly produce intermediates of which of the following pathways? EMILY CHARLENE © 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2 Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase - The major regulatory step of the pentose phosphate pathway is catalyzed by which enzyme? VLDL particles - Insulin stimulates fatty acid synthesis in the liver. These fatty acids are transported to the adipose tissue as which of the following? Free fatty acids - A young woman goes to work without eating breakfast and skips lunch. In this scenario, which of the following pathways is providing substrates used to generate ATP in the liver? Glucagon - Caffeine is a natural inhibitor of phosphodiesterase. If you were to consume a large amount of coffee you would likely see a prolonged response to which of the following stimulants or hormones? They enhance transcription when bound to receptors - A teenage female presenting with lack of menstruation (amenorrhea) is found to have a dysfunctional steroid receptor characteristic of androgen insensitivity syndrome. Which of the following statements accurately describes steroid hormones? Intracellular receptors - Steroid hormones bind which of the following types of receptors? They are specific to a chemical messenger - Which of the following is a characteristic of all receptors? Free fatty acids - What is the primary oxidized fuel for skeletal muscle in the fasted state? Cyclic-AMP response element binding protein (CREB) - cAMP elicits multiple cellular responses. The effects of cAMP on gene transcription are directly mediated by which of the following DNA binding proteins? GLUT4 - An individual is recently diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes. In this individual, hyperglycemia may in part be due to inactivity of which of the following glucose transporters on skeletal muscle? EMILY CHARLENE © 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3 Adenylyl cyclase - Glycogen degradation in the liver can be enhanced by elevated glucagon and the activation of a Gαs receptor. The initial step in this cascade involves which of the following second messengers or active enzymes? 2 - Which of the following combinations of compounds is required to fully activate pyruvate carboxylase (+ indicates compound is necessary; - indicates compound is not necessary)? 1. Biotin + Acetyl-CoA + Oxaloacetate + Malate - 2. Biotin + Acetyl-CoA + Oxaloacetate - Malate - 3. Biotin - Acetyl-CoA + Oxaloacetate + Malate + 4. Biotin - Acetyl-CoA - Oxaloacetate + Malate + Acetyl-CoA - Which of the following compounds is not a substrate for gluconeogenesis? Pyruvate carboxylase deficiency - A 1-month-old boy is brought to the emergency department in a coma after sleeping through the night and failing to awaken in the morning. He is given intravenous glucose and awakens. Serum levels of pyruvate, lactate,