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BIOS
BIOS256/ BIOS 256 EXAM 2: ANATOMY
AND PHYSIOLOGY IV GUIDE| QS & AS| GRADE A|
100% CORRECT (VERIFIED ANSWERS) (NEW
2025/ 2026 UPDATE)
1. Any ingested chemical used for growth, repair, or
maintenance of the body: nutrient
2. Must be consumed in relatively large quantities:
macronutrients
3. Examples of macronutrients: water, carbohydrates, lipids,
proteins
4. Only small quantities are required: micronutrients
5. Examples of micronutrients: vitamins and minerals
6. Must be consumed as our bodies cannot create these
nutrients: essential nutrients
7. Can be produced by the body: nonessential nutrients
8. Examples of essential nutrients: carbohydrates, water, sodium
9. Examples of nonessential nutrients: vitamin D, vitamin K
BIOS256
,10. Function of carbohydrates: source of fuel once broken down
into monomer form (monosaccharide)
11. Structural components of other molecules including
nucleic acids, glycoproteins, glycolipids, ATP, and related
nucleotides: carbohydrates 12. Required in greater amounts
than any other nutrient: carbohydrates
13. Required daily amount of carbohydrates: 130 g
14. Brain consumes _______ g of glucose per day: 120
15. Sources of carbohydrates: fruits, sweet vegetables, squash,
pumpkin, milk, yogurt, potatoes, rice, bread
16. Dietary fat that serves as energy storage: triglycerides
17. Source of energy; precursor to triglycerides: fatty acids
18. Component of cellular membranes: phospholipids
19. Used to develop steroid hormone: cholesterol
20. Signalling molecules for cellular recognition: glycolipids
, 21. Types of lipids: triglycerides, fatty acids, phospholipids,
steroids, glycolipids 22. Sources of lipids: eggs, dairy products,
avocados, coconut, fatty fish, nuts, and seeds
23. Functions of proteins: muscle contraction, structural
components, globular proteins, plasma proteins, buffer ph of body
fluids, contribute to resting membrane potentials of all cells
24. Sources of protein: animal meats, dairy products, legumes,
whole grains, soy products, fish and seafood
25. Inorganic elements that plants extract from soil or water
and introduce into the food web: minerals
26. Small dietary organic compounds that are necessary for
metabolism: vitamins
27. T/F minerals and vitamins are used for fuel: False - neither
are used for fuel but both are essential to our ability to use other
nutrients
28 most vitamins must be obtained from ____: the diet
