HESI A2 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
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Course
HESI A2 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
Institution
HESI A2 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
HESI A2 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Dorsal Body cavity includes what? - ANSWER -Cranial and Spinal Nerves
Ventral Body cavity includes what? - ANSWER -The orbits and the nasal, oral, thoracic,
and abdominopelvic cavities
*Histology is the study of what?* - ANSWER -TI...
HESI A2 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Dorsal Body cavity includes what? - ANSWER -Cranial and Spinal Nerves
Ventral Body cavity includes what? - ANSWER -The orbits and the nasal, oral, thoracic,
and abdominopelvic cavities
*Histology is the study of what?* - ANSWER -TISSUES!
A Tissue is a? - ANSWER -Group of cells that act together to perform specific functions
What are the 4 Fundamental Tissues of the Human Body? - ANSWER -Epithelial
Tissue
Connective Tissue
Nerve Tissue
Muscle Tissue
Epithelial Cells do what? - ANSWER -Cover, line, and protect the body its internal
organs
Connective Tissue is the framework of? - ANSWER -The body, providing support and
structure for the organs
Nerve Tissue is composed of? - ANSWER -Neurons and connective tissue cells
*What is a neuroglia?* - ANSWER -A connective tissue nerve cells
Muscle tissue have the ability to? - ANSWER -Contract or shorten
Muscle tissue is classified as? - ANSWER -Voluntary Muscles and Involuntary Muscles
What muscles are voluntary? - ANSWER -Skeletal Muscles
What muscles are involuntary? - ANSWER -Smooth Muscles
*What is the basic unit of life?* - ANSWER -A CELL!
*Who is the building block of tissues and organs?* - ANSWER -A CELL!
What does a nucleus contain? - ANSWER -Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and
ribosomes
What is the job of a ribosome? - ANSWER -Synthesizes proteins
,What do proteins include? - ANSWER -Enzymes that regulate all chemical reactions
within the body
*What is MITOSIS necessary for?* - ANSWER -Growth and repair
*What happens during the process of MITOSIS?* - ANSWER -The DNA is duplicated
and distributed evenly to two daughter cells
*MEIOSIS is specializes in?* - ANSWER -Cells division that takes place in the gonads,
which is the ovaries and the testes
*What happens during the process of MEIOSIS?* - ANSWER -The chromosome
number is reduced from 46 to 23
*When the egg and sperm unite in fertilization the zygote will have the correct number
of chromosomes, this process takes place where?* - ANSWER -MEIOSIS!
What is the largest organ of the body? - ANSWER -THE SKIN!
What are the two layers of the skin? - ANSWER -EPIDERMIS and the DERMIS
*The EPIDERMIS is the* - ANSWER -Outermost protective layer of dead keratinized
epithelial cells
*The DERMIS is the* - ANSWER -Underlying layer of connective tissue with blood
vessels, nerve endings, and the associated skin structures
Where does the DERMIS rest? - ANSWER -On the subcutaneous tissue that connects
the skin to the superficial muscles
What are the layers of the EPIDERMIS from the OUTER layer to the INNER layer -
ANSWER -Stratum Corneum
Stratum Lucidum
Stratum Granulosum
Stratum Spinosum
Stratum Basale
Stratum Germinativum consists of what? - ANSWER -The Stratum Spinosum and the
Stratum Basale
MITOSIS occurs in what layer of the skin? - ANSWER -The innermost layer, which is
the Stratum Germinativum
Epidermal cells contain a protein pigment called? - ANSWER -MELANIN!
, Melanin protects against what? - ANSWER -Radiation from the sun
The dermis is composed of what? - ANSWER -Fibrous connective tissue with blood
vessels, sensory nerve endings, hair follicles, and glands
What are the 2 types of sweat glands? - ANSWER -Eccrine and Aprocrine
Eccrine Sweat gland is the - ANSWER -MOST WIDELY distributed sweat gland that
regulates body temperature by releasing a watery secretion that evaporates from the
surface of the skin
Aprocrine Sweat gland is found where? - ANSWER -Mainly in the armpits and the groin
area
The Aprocine Sweat gland secretion contains what? - ANSWER -Bits of cytoplasm
from the secreting cells
Cell debris from the Aprocine Sweat gland does what? - ANSWER -Attracts bacteria
and the presence of the bacteria on the skin results in body odor.
What do Sebaceous glands release? - ANSWER -An oily secretion which is sebum
through the hair follicles that lubricates the skin and prevents drying.
Oils are produced by what gland? - ANSWER -Holocrine Secretion, in which whole
cells of the gland are part of the secretion
Sebaceous glands are susceptible to becoming what? - ANSWER -Clogged and
attracted to bacteria, particularly during adolescence
The appendages of the skin include what? - ANSWER -Hair and Nails
Hair and nails are both composed of what? - ANSWER -KERATIN
*Epidermal Cells move from what?* (what are the steps) - ANSWER -1. The deepest
layers to the superficial layers
2. They move away from their blood and nutrient supply
3. Then they dehydrate and die
The body's framework consists of - ANSWER -Bone, Cartilage, Ligaments, and Joints
Functions of the Skeletal system include what? - ANSWER -Support
Movement
Blood Cell Formation
Protection of Internal Organs
Detoxification
Provision for muscle attachment
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