1. Which of the following is the primary mechanism of action of
angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors?
- A. Inhibition of angiotensin II receptors
- B. Inhibition of renin release
- C. Inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme
- D. Inhibition of aldosterone secretion
- ANS: C. Inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme
, - Rationale: ACE inhibitors work by inhibiting the enzyme
that converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II, leading to
vasodilation and reduced blood pressure.
2. What is the primary therapeutic use of beta-blockers in
cardiovascular disease?
- A. Increasing heart rate
- B. Reducing blood pressure
- C. Enhancing cardiac output
- D. Increasing myocardial oxygen demand
- ANS: B. Reducing blood pressure
- Rationale: Beta-blockers reduce blood pressure by blocking
beta-adrenergic receptors, leading to decreased heart rate and
myocardial contractility.
3. Which of the following is a common side effect of statins?
- A. Hyperglycemia
- B. Myopathy
- C. Hypertension
- D. Bradycardia
- ANS: B. Myopathy
, - Rationale: Statins can cause myopathy, which is
characterized by muscle pain and weakness due to the breakdown
of muscle tissue.
Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
4. The primary mechanism of action of proton pump inhibitors
(PPIs) is the inhibition of __________.
- ANS: H+/K+ ATPase enzyme
- Rationale: PPIs inhibit the H+/K+ ATPase enzyme in the
stomach lining, reducing gastric acid secretion and providing
relief from acid-related disorders.
5. __________ is a condition characterized by the excessive
accumulation of uric acid in the blood, leading to joint
inflammation and pain.
- ANS: Gout
- Rationale: Gout is caused by the accumulation of uric acid
crystals in the joints, leading to inflammation and pain.
True/False Questions
6. True or False: Calcium channel blockers are used to treat
hypertension by causing vasodilation.
- ANS: True
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