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Med Surg (NUR201) Exam 2 with 100- correct answers 2025
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Med Surg (NUR201) Exam 2 with 100- correct answers 2025
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Med Surg (NUR201)Exam 2 with 100%
correct answers 2025
angina pectoris
chest pain of cardiac nature: implies that the cardiac cells are not
getting the oxygen and nutrients that they need
TRANSIENT PAIN - often lasts 3-5 min
chronic stable angina
- exertional
- relieved by rest
- can happen due to exposure to cold, emotional excitement,
physical activity, heavy meals --> narrowing of the coronary arteries
treatment of chronic stable angina
calcium channel blockers
beta blockers
nitrates
What is variant angina also known as?
Prinzmetal's angina
What is the main cause of variant angina?
Coronary artery spasm
How does variant angina differ from stable angina in terms of pain
duration?
Variant angina has longer duration of pain
When are attacks of variant angina more common?
At night, during rest, or early morning (between midnight and 8am)
treatment of variant angina
,calcium channel blockers and nitrates
beta blockers DO NOT work!
unstable angina
severe coronary artery disease, complicated by vasospasm, platelet
aggregation or transient coronary thrombi or emboli
medical emergency!
pain at rest that is not relieved by nitro or rest!
isosorbide
long acting nitrate
treatment for chronic stable angina
vasodilator
nitroglycerin
- vasodilator
- treatment for angina
- side effects: headache (vasodilation in the brain vessels),
hypotension, orthostatic hypotension, flushing, tachycardia
- rapid and short acting: sublingual (pt SHOULD feel a little tingle -
if not the nitro is not good!!), patches, ointment/paste (WEAR
GLOVES!), oral
sublingual nitroglycerin
rapid acting
1 tablet q5 min x3 --> if the pain doesn't go away: CALL 911!
if already in the hospital: IV nitro
nitroglycerin patches
apply in the morning and remove it at night time --> to avoid
creating resistance to it!!
beta blockers
- reduce HR and BP (reduce workload of the heart)
- adverse effects include bradycardia, CNS effects (insomnia,
depression, ED, fatigue), bronchoconstriction.
, - do NOT stop drug abruptly: risk of MI and angina
- if pt is taking it for angina, do not hold when HR <60!!
- do NOT give it to pts with heart blocks --> decreases AV
conduction
- LOL drugs
calcium channel blockers
- cause arterial dilation and reduction of peripheral resistance
(afterload)
- decrease HR, AV conduction and contractility
- verapamil, diltiazem
- amlopidine, nifedipine
- adverse effects: hypotension, tachycardia, use caution when
concomitant beta blockers
Clopidrogel
(plavix)
- inhibits platelet aggregation
- increases risk of bleeding
Angina vs MI on ECG
look at the ST segment and T wave!
If no ST segment changes: unstable angina or NQMI
If ST segment elevation: STEMI
STEMI
ST elevation
"tombstone"
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