Chapter 18 - Hartman's Nursing
Assistant Care Long-Term Care 4th
Edition Questions and Complete
Solutions Graded A+
acute illness - Answer: an illness that has rapid onset, is usually short-term, and is treated immediately.
chronic illness - Answer: a disease or condition that is long-term or long-lasting and requires
management of symptoms.
scabies - Answer: a contagious skin infection caused by a tiny mite burrowing into the skin, where it lays
eggs; causes intense itching and a skin rash that may look like thin burrow tracks.
shingles - Answer: a skin rash caused by the varicella- zoster virus (VZV) that causes pain, tingling,
itching, and a rash of fluid-filled blisters.
wound - Answer: a type of injury to the skin.
dermatitis - Answer: an inflammation of the skin causing swollen, reddened, irritated, and itchy skin.
inflammation - Answer: swelling.
arthritis - Answer: a general term that refers to inflammation of the joints, causing stiffness, pain, and
decreased mobility.
autoimmune illness - Answer: an illness in which the body's immune system attacks normal tissue in the
body.
osteoarthritis - Answer: a common type of arthritis that usually affects the hips, knees, fingers, thumbs,
and spine; also called degenerative joint disease or degenerative arthritis.
, rheumatoid arthritis - Answer: a type of arthritis in which joints become red, swollen, and very painful,
resulting in restricted movement and possible deformities.
osteoporosis - Answer: a condition in which bones become porous and brittle, causing them to break
easily.
closed fracture - Answer: a broken bone that does not break the skin.
open fracture - Answer: a broken bone that penetrates the skin; also known as compound fracture.
partial weight-bearing (PWB) - Answer: a doctor's order stating that a person is able to support some
body weight on one or both legs.
non-weight-bearing (NWB) - Answer: a doctor's order stating that a person is unable to touch the floor
or support any body weight on one or both legs.
full weight-bearing (FWB) - Answer: a doctor's order stating that a person has the ability to support full
body weight (100%) on both legs.
prosthesis - Answer: a device that replaces a body part that is missing or deformed because of an
accident, injury, illness, or birth defect; used to improve a person's ability to function and/or to improve
appearance.
muscular dystrophy (MD) - Answer: a progressive, inherited disease that causes a gradual wasting away
of muscle, weakness, and deformity.
amputation - Answer: the surgical removal of some or all of a body part, usually a hand, arm, leg, or
foot.
phantom sensation - Answer: warmth, itching, or tingling from a body part that has been amputated.
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