,2. What is the primary purpose of a cross-sectional study in
nursing research?
- A. To examine changes over time
- B. To assess the prevalence of a condition at a single point in
time
- C. To establish cause-and-effect relationships
- D. To conduct experimental interventions
- ANS: B. To assess the prevalence of a condition at a single
point in time
- Rationale: Cross-sectional studies provide a snapshot of the
prevalence of a condition or characteristic at a specific point in
time.
3. Which of the following is an example of a dependent variable
in a nursing research study?
- A. Type of intervention
- B. Patient age
- C. Blood pressure levels
- D. Research setting
- ANS: C. Blood pressure levels
, - Rationale: The dependent variable is the outcome being
measured, such as blood pressure levels in response to an
intervention.
4. What is the role of a control group in an experimental study?
- A. To receive the experimental treatment
- B. To provide baseline data for comparison
- C. To ensure randomization
- D. To analyze qualitative data
- ANS: B. To provide baseline data for comparison
- Rationale: The control group does not receive the
experimental treatment and serves as a baseline for comparing the
effects of the intervention.
5. Which statistical test is commonly used to compare means
between two independent groups?
- A. Chi-square test
- B. Pearson correlation
- C. Independent t-test
- D. ANOVA
- ANS: C. Independent t-test
, - Rationale: The independent t-test is used to compare the
means of two independent groups to determine if there is a
significant difference between them.
Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
6. The process of assigning participants to different groups in a
study by chance is known as __________.
- ANS: Randomization
- Rationale: Randomization helps reduce bias and ensures
that each participant has an equal chance of being assigned to any
group.
7. __________ is a measure of the consistency and stability of a
research instrument over time.
- ANS: Reliability
- Rationale: Reliability refers to the consistency and stability
of a research instrument in measuring what it is intended to
measure.
8. The __________ variable is the outcome that is being
measured in a research study.
- ANS: Dependent
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