1. Which of the following is the primary mechanism of action
for beta-blockers?
- A. Inhibiting calcium channels
- B. Blocking adrenergic receptors
- C. Increasing sodium reabsorption
- D. Stimulating beta-2 receptors
- ANS: B
- Rationale: Beta-blockers work by blocking adrenergic
receptors, which reduces heart rate and blood pressure.
,2. What is the primary use of ACE inhibitors in clinical practice?
- A. Treating hyperlipidemia
- B. Managing hypertension
- C. Controlling diabetes
- D. Treating asthma
- ANS: B
- Rationale: ACE inhibitors are primarily used to manage
hypertension by inhibiting the conversion of angiotensin I to
angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation.
3. Which of the following is a common side effect of opioid
analgesics?
- A. Hypertension
- B. Diarrhea
- C. Constipation
- D. Tachycardia
- ANS: C
- Rationale: Constipation is a common side effect of opioid
analgesics due to their effect on the gastrointestinal tract.
, 4. The process by which a drug is absorbed, distributed,
metabolized, and excreted is known as __________.
- ANS: Pharmacokinetics
- Rationale: Pharmacokinetics describes the movement of
drugs within the body, including absorption, distribution,
metabolism, and excretion.
5. __________ is the study of the biochemical and physiological
effects of drugs and their mechanisms of action.
- ANS: Pharmacodynamics
- Rationale: Pharmacodynamics involves the study of how
drugs affect the body and their mechanisms of action.
6. The therapeutic index of a drug is the ratio between the
__________ dose and the __________ dose.
- ANS: Therapeutic, toxic
- Rationale: The therapeutic index is the ratio between the
dose that produces the desired effect and the dose that produces
toxicity.
True/False Questions
7. Antibiotics are effective against viral infections.
- ANS: False
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