Exam (elaborations)
Ecology, Evolution, And Biodiversity - Final Exam Questions And Answers Latest Update
- Course
- BIO 1
- Institution
- Stanford University
Ecology, Evolution, And Biodiversity - Final Exam Questions And Answers Latest Update
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Q&AEcology, Evolution, And
Biodiversity - Final Exam Questions
And Answers Latest Update
Ecological lens - Answers How do organisms interact with their
(abiotic and biotic) environments? Are these interactions beneficial or
harmful? How might these interactions have acted as selective pressures
on the evolution of a trait?
Hadeon Eon (4.6-3.8 billion years ago) - Answers -accretion of the
Earth from celestial debris
-frequent celestial collision events
-formation of the moon
-water vapor condenses into liquid, forming ancient seas
-formation of early atmosphere by de-gassing
Ecology - Answers the scientific study of the interactions between
organisms and their environment (including abiotic and biotic factors)
, Q&A
"Giant Impact Theory" (4.45 bya) - Answers the leading explanation
for where the moon came from; the idea that a small planet ran into earth
some time during its formation (around 4.45 bya), and the leftover debris
formed the moon
Abiotic environment - Answers -Physical factors: temperature, light,
relative humidity, etc...
-Chemical factors: pH, oxygen, chemical pollution, nitrogen, phosphorus,
etc...
Biological lens - Answers the ability to notice and then classify an
organism into a taxonomic group
Evolution lens - Answers Why is this (structure, behavior, process)
adaptive? Why might natural selection have favored persistence of this trait
in the gene pool?
Degassing (4.4 bya) - Answers -gases coming from crusts of the
Earth to the top out of volcanoes or deep sea vents
-sunlight breaks down NH3 into N2 and H2
Biotic environment - Answers -other organisms (conspecifics and
heterospecifics)
-includes: predators, mates, prey/food, host organisms, competitors,
symbiotic species, parasites/pathogens, humans
, Q&A
Theory of Evolution - Answers the idea that all species are related
and change over time
3.9 bya - Answers -liquid water forms as the Earth cools,
condensing water vapor released from volcanoes and brought via asteroids
Population - Answers group of individuals of the same species in an
area
Community - Answers sum of all the species in an area
Microevolution - Answers -occurs when genetic changes result in
difference in phenotype, but do not inhibit reproduction with the parent
population
-does not result in a new species
Archeon Eon (3.8-2.5 bya) - Answers -oldest known rocks on Earth
form (3.8 bya)
-oldest fossils appear; stromatolites - bacterial mats (3.5 bya)
-oxygen from photosynthesis begins to enter atmosphere (2.7 bya)
Macroevolution - Answers -occurs when genetic changes result in
reproductive isolation from the parent population
-does result in a new species
, Q&A
Stromatolites - Answers -ancient cyanobacterial mats that contain
mineralized biofilms
-oldest known fossils
-around 3.5 bya
Ecosystem - Answers community + abiotic environment
Theory - Answers -An explanation that is broader in scope than a
hypothesis, generates new hypotheses, and is supported by a large body
of evidence.
-examples of theories: Endosymbiotic Theory, Germ Theory, Gene Theory,
and Cell Theory
2.7 bya - Answers -early signs of O2 in the atmosphere
-iron oxidizes in terrestrial rock
Physiological ecology - Answers the study of the physiological
adaptations of organisms to their abiotic environment
Organismal ecology - Answers the study of how organisms meet the
challenges posed by their environment, using combinations of
physiological, molecular, and behavioral adaptations
Ozone (O3) Layer - Answers -product of O2 + UV radiation
-did not form until around 600 mya
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