Exam (elaborations)
BIOS 255 Exam 1 Blood
- Course
- BIOS 255
- Institution
- Chamberlain College Of Nursing
BIOS 255 Exam 1 Blood
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BIOS 255 Exam 1 Blood1. Functions of the circulatory system: - transport: O2 and CO2 (hemoglobin),
nutrients, wastes and hormones (plasma)
- protection: inflammation, infection, cancer cells, toxins, clotting
- regulation: fluid balances, pH of ECF, temperature control
2. formed elements: - RBCs (Erythrocytes): 4.2 - 6.2 million/µL
- WBCs (Leukocytes): 5,000 - 10,000/µL
- Platelets: 130,000 - 360,000/µL
3. different parts to centrifuged blood: - Plasma - 55% (water, dissolved gasses,
nutrients, waste products, proteins)
- Buffy Coat - less than 1% (WBCs and Platelets)
- Hematocrit (Erythrocyte) - 45% (RBC)
4. red blood cells: · lack a nucleus, biconcave disc shape, bags of hemoglobin,
carry oxygen and some carbon dioxide
5. how are red blood cells formed: - (erythropoiesis) formed in the red bone
marrow from the hematopoietic stem cell, myeloid stem cell, erythroblast,
reticulocyte, mature RBC
6. To make an RBC you need:: EPO (released from kidney due to low oxygen in
the blood - hypoxemia); amino acids; iron (ferrin); vitamin B12
7. 3 types of WBCs granulocytes: - neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils
8. 2 types of WBCs agranulocytes: - lymphocytes
- monocytes
9. Neutrophils: 60% Microphages (phagocytic), bacterial infections
10. Lymphocytes: 30% T and B-cells, mount immune response, cancer cells,
viruses
11. Monocytes: 8% Macrophages, phagocytize pathogens, dead neutrophils, and
debris of dead cells
12. Eosinophils: 3% Parasitic worms, phagocytize antigen-antibody complexes,
allergens, and inflammatory chemicals
13. Basophils: >1% Allergic reactions, secrete histamine, secrete heparin
14. how to remember leukocytes: Never Let Monkeys Eat Bananas
15. lymphoid stem cells: · give rise to B-cell lymphocytes, T-cell lymphocytes, and
Natural Killer cells
16. myeloid stem cells: · give rise to RBCs, platelet, Monocytes, Neutrophils,
Eosinophils, and Basophils
17. Blood plasma components: 55% of total blood volume
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