Exam (elaborations)
Chapter 3. Developmental and Genetic Influences on Child Health Promotion
- Course
- Pediatric nursing
- Institution
- Baylor College Of Medicine
Chapter 3. Developmental and Genetic Influences on Child Health Promotion
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Chapter 3. Developmental and Genetic Influences on Child Health PromotionMULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which genetic term refers to a person who possesses one copy of an affected gene and one
copy of an unaffected gene and is clinically unaffected?
a. Allele
b. Carrier
c. Pedigree
d. Multifactorial
ANS: B
,An individual who is a carrier is asymptomatic but possesses a genetic alteration, either in the
form of a gene or chromosome change. Alleles are alternative expressions of genes at a different
locus. A pedigree is a diagram that describes family relationships, gender, disease, status, or
other relevant information about a family. Multifactorial describes a complex interaction of both
genetic and environmental factors that produce an effect on the individual.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding REF: dl. 46
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
2. Which genetic term refers to the transfer of all or part of a chromosome to a
different chromosome after chromosome breakage?
a. Trisomy
b. Monosomy
c. Translocation
d. Nondisjunction
ANS: C
Translocation is the transfer of all or part of a chromosome to a different chromosome after
chromosome breakage. It can be balanced, producing no phenotypic effects, or unbalanced,
producing severe or lethal effects. Trisomy is an abnormal number of chromosomes caused by
the presence of an extra chromosome, which is added to a given chromosome pair and results in
a total of 47 chromosomes per cell. Monosomy is an abnormal number of chromosomes whereby
the chromosome is represented by a single copy in a somatic cell. Nondisjunction is the failure
of homologous chromosomes or chromatids to separate during mitosis or meiosis.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding REF: dl. 48
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
3. Which is a birth defect or disorder that occurs as a new case in a family and is not inherited?
, a. Sporadic
b. Polygenic
c. Monosomy
d. Association
ANS: A
Sporadic describes a birth defect previously unidentified in a family. It is not inherited. Polygenic
inheritance involves the inheritance of many genes at separate loci whose combined effects
produce a given phenotype. Monosomy is an abnormal number of chromosomes whereby the
chromosome is represented by a single copy in a somatic cell. A nonrandom cluster of
malformations without a specific cause is an association.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding REF: dl. 48
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
4. The nurse is assessing a neonate who was born 1 hour ago to healthy white parents in
their early forties. Which finding should be most suggestive of Down syndrome?
a. Hypertonia
b. Low-set ears
c. Micrognathia
d. Long, thin fingers and toes
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