Exam (elaborations)
Chapter 12. Health Promotion of thePreschooler and Family
- Course
- Pediatric nursing
- Institution
- Baylor College Of Medicine
Chapter 12. Health Promotion of thePreschooler and Family
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Chapter 12. Health Promotion of thePreschooler and FamilyMULTIPLE CHOICE
1. In terms of fine motor development, what should the3-year-old child be expected to do?
a. Tie shoelaces.
b. Copy (draw) a circle.
c. Use scissors or a pencil very well.
d. Draw a person with seven to nine
parts. ANS: B
Three-year-old children are able to accomplish thefine motor skill of copying (drawing) a circle.
The ability to tie shoelaces, to use scissors or a pencil very well, and to draw a person with seven
to nine parts are fine motor skills of 5-year-old children.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding REF: dl. 523
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
2. According to Piaget, magical thinking is thebelief of which?
a. Thoughts are all powerful.
b. God is an imaginary friend.
c. Events have cause and effect.
d. If theskin is broken, theinsides will come out.
ANS: A
,Because of their egocentrism and transductive reasoning, preschoolers believe that thoughts are
all powerful. Believing God is an imaginary friend is an example of concrete thinking in a
preschoolers spiritual development. Cause-and-effect implies logical thought, not magical
thinking. Believing that if theskin is broken, theinsides will come out is an example of concrete
thinking in development of body image.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding REF: dl. 526
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
3. In terms of cognitive development, a 5-year-old child should be expected to do which?
a. Think abstractly.
b. Use magical thinking.
c. Understand conservation of matter.
d. Understand another persons
perspective. ANS: B
Magical thinking is believing that thoughts can cause events. An example is thinking of thedeath
of a parent might cause it to happen. Abstract thought does not develop until theschool-age
years. theconcept of conservation is thecognitive task of school-age children, ages 5 to 7 years.
A 5-year-old child cannot understand another persons perspective.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding REF: dl. 525
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
4. The nurse is caring for a hospitalized 4-year-old boy. His parents tell thenurse they will be
back to visit at 6 PM. When he asks thenurse when his parents are coming, what would
thenurses best response be?
a. They will be here soon.
, b. They will come after dinner.
c. Let me show you on theclock when 6 PM is.
d. I will tell you every time I see you how much longer it will
be. ANS: B
A 4-year-old child understands time in relation to events such as meals. Children perceive soon
as a very short time. thenurse may lose thechilds trust if his parents do not return in thetime he
perceives as soon. Children cannot read or use a clock for practical purposes until age 7 years. I
will tell you every time I see you how much longer it will be assumes thechild understands
theconcepts of hours and minutes, which does not occur until age 5 or 6 years.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding REF: dl. 525
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
5. A 4-year-old boy is hospitalized with a serious bacterial infection. He tells thenurse that he is
sick because he was bad. What is thenurses best interpretation of this comment?
a. Sign of stress
b. Common at this age
c. Suggestive of maladaptation
d. Suggestive of excessive discipline at home
ANS: B
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