US History EOC Milestone Review

Mercantilism - ANS British colonies give raw materials to GB. GB sells the finished product back. Trans-Atlantic Trade - ANS Also known as Triangular Trade. First, English ships loaded with rum, cloth, and other manufactured goods were traded for Africans as part of the slave trade. Then got the colonies and raw materials were sent to England again Southern Colonies - ANS Virginia, Maryland, Carolina's, and Georgia. The location helped with rich soil and long growing season which made easily the growth of tobacco, indigo, corn and rice which was their economy. Relations with Native Americans started peaceful, but the relationship turned more violent as more people came due to the need of land for crops. New England Colonies - ANS Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut and New Hampshire. Colonized due to Puritans conflict with the Anglican Church Relationship with Native Americans were based on trade and diplomacy, however as more people came to the colonies the conflict with the Natives increased. Relied on trade, forestry, fishing, and shipbuilding. Mid-Atlantic Colonies - ANS New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware. Originally established by the Dutch Known for being religiously free. The Hudson and Delaware rivers helped with trade within the colonies and American Natives. Oats (wheat) Middle Passage - ANS portion of the Trans Atlantic Trade. Many slaves were packed in the cargo. Sickness, fear, and brutality were a common experience. About 2 of 10 slaves died in the Passage. African Slaves - ANS people brought from Africa that were treated as property and sold to the colonists African Culture - ANS owners attempted to strip down but led to a new blended culture Creole - Geechee, Gullah people, mixing British and African Culture (Fried chicken, okra) Great Awakening - ANS Protestant religious revival that swept Protestant Europe and British America in the I730s and I740s. Salutary Neglect - ANS refers to the seventeenth and eighteenth-century British Crown policy of avoiding strict enforcement of parliamentary laws meant to keep American colonies obedient to England. Self-Government - ANS government of a country by its own people, especially after having been a colony. (town meetings, house of burgesses) French and Indian War - ANS a series of military engagements between Britain and France in North America between 1754 and 1763. Debt, which leads to increased taxes. Treaty of Paris 1763 - ANS ended the French and Indian War/Seven Years' War between Great Britain and France, as well as their respective allies. Proclamation of 1763 - ANS prohibited the colonists from going past the Appalachian mountains to avoid further conflicts with the Native Americans Stamp Act Tax - ANS imposed on colonists that forced them to pay a tax on all paper products they purchased (Taxation without representation) Intolerable Acts - ANS harsh laws passed by the British Parliament in 1774. They were meant to punish the American colonists for the Boston Tea Party and other protests. Committee of Correspondence - ANS rallied colonial opposition against British Policies. Established a political union between the 13 colonies Sons of Liberty - ANS secret organization made to protect the rights of the colonist and fight British government taxation (violent protesting) Daughters of Liberty - ANS An organization of women who participated in the war by boycotting British goods and help make food and clothing for the men and women Common Sense/Thomas Paine - ANS It was a pamphlet that inspired American independence Committee of Five - ANS Met to draft the Declaration of Independence: John Adams of MA Roger Sherman of Connecticut Robert Livingston of NY Benjamin Franklin of PA Thomas Jefferson of Virginia Declaration of Independence - ANS A document written by T. Jefferson declaring independence from Britain. John Locke - ANS Stated that every man should have life, liberty, and property. Franklin/Adams-Rev. War - ANS The two went to France to gain military support for the war Washington-Rev. War - ANS Won the important battles, inspiration to the troops Baron Von Steuben - ANS a Prussian military officer who trains American soldiers Marquis de Lafayette - ANS a French general during the American Revolution that helped US soldiers to win the war. Brought in ... French "Guns and Ships (and so the balance shifts)" Valley Forge - ANS horrible conditions for Washington's troops, but Washington stuck with them, helping to retain confidence Trenton - ANS battle after Washington crossed the Delaware. The continental army surprised the Hessians stationed there Saratoga - ANS 10 days later Burgoyne surrenders. (In New York, heavily wooded, near Lake Champlain) Yorktown - ANS 1781. The French helps. This is considered the last battle in the Revolutionary War. We had a spy on the inside, Hercules Mulligan, gave us the stats on the British Women/Blacks/Indians-Rev. War - ANS Women - Spies Blacks - Chose sides (Mostly went with the British since they guaranteed 'freedom'). Most of the Indians joins the British. Treaty of Paris I783 - ANS negotiated between the United States and Great Britain. Ended the revolutionary war and recognized American Independence Articles of Confederation - ANS Was the first written constitution of the United States. Under these articles, the states remained sovereign and independent. (weak form of government) Land Ordinance I785 - ANS A standardized system whereby settlers could purchase title to farmland in the west Northwest Ordinance I787 - ANS Established a new government for the Northwest Territory and outlined the process for admitting new states to the Union and listed a bill of rights in the territory Shays' Rebellion - ANS An armed uprising where Daniel Shay led 4 thousand farmers in an uprising against state and local enforcement of tax collections and judgements from debt. Leads to the United States Constitution for a stronger government U.S. Constitution - ANS Established America's national government and fundamental laws and guaranteed certain basic rights for its citizens. Great Compromise - ANS Was the agreement that both large and small states reached that called for proportional representation in the House and one representative per state in the Senate 3/5 Compromise - ANS Compromise between Northern and Southern delegates that allowed a state to count three fifths of black person in determining political representation Limited Government - ANS States had more rights than the central government. Currency was all different. Montesquieu - ANS Devised checks and balances and separation of powers. Executive, judicial, legislative Federalists - ANS Support of the constitution during the debate over its ratification