Exam (elaborations)
BIOL 1441 University Of Texas - Arlington -bio 1441 exam 3 review
- Course
- BIOL 1441
- Institution
- University Of Texas - Arlington
BIOL 1441 University Of Texas - Arlington -bio 1441 exam 3 review
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bio 1441 exam 3 reviewdescribe the general function of DNA
DNA contains the instructions for making proteins
parts of a nucleotides
ribose sugar, base, phosphate group
parts of a nucleotide that are involved in the phosphodiester
bonds & hydrogen bonds
phosphate groups between the sugars form phosphodiester
bonds linking the nucleotides together
name the functional groups found at 5' and 3' ends of a DNA
replication
5' end has a phosphate group and the 3' has a hydroxyl group
(OH)
explain the importance of the 3' end of a DNA strand in the
process of DNA replication
when a new DNA strand is built, nucleotides can only be added
to its 3' end not the 5' end
explain what is meant by semiconservative replication
, both strands of the DNA double helix can be used as templates
for a new DNA strand. newly-synthesized DNA double helices
are made if one parental DNA and one daughter DNA strand
role of origin of replication
chromosomal sites where double-stranded DNA unwinds to
form single-stranded DNA templates for genome duplication
role of replication bubbles
the bubble is a gap between the two complementary DNA
strands. DNA-replicating enzymes attach inside this bubble and
begin coping the two template strands
role of replication fork
edges of the replication bubble are called replication forks, as
DNA replication proceeds, the forks travel away from each
other, enlarging the replication bubble, when neighboring
replication forks meet, their bubbles fuse, ultimately all
replication bubbles formed during replication fuse completely
separating the two original DNA strands.
DNA helicase
unwinds parental double helix at replication fork
topoisomerase
relieves overwinding strain ahead of replication forks by
breaking, swiveling, and rejoining DNA strands
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