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BIO 156 UNIT 4 EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS | UPDATED 2025
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BIO 156 UNIT 4 EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS | UPDATED 2025
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BIO 156 UNIT 4 EXAM QUESTIONS ANDCORRECT ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS | UPDATED 2025
Nucleotide - ANSWER A building block of DNA, consisting of a five-carbon
sugar covalently bonded to a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group.
DNA - ANSWER A long linear polymer found in the nucleus of a cell and formed
from nucleotides and shaped like a double helix.
DNA Replication - ANSWER DNA unzips into two parts and splits with the cell.
In it's new home each side of the DNA strand attack to matching nucleotides to
create 2 exact copies. It is important in puberty and other times of growth as it is
the reproducing of your cells.
DNA Rungs - ANSWER nitrogen bases: adenine, thymine, guanine and cytosine
DNA Backbone - ANSWER Made of deoxyribose SUGAR and Phosphate
Semi-conservative Replication - ANSWER in each new DNA double helix, one
strand is from the original molecule, and one strand is new
RNA - ANSWER A type of nucleic acid consisting of nucleotide monomers with
a ribose sugar and the nitrogenous bases adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G),
and uracil (U); usually single-stranded; functions in protein synthesis and as the
genome of some viruses.
, DNA Vs RNA - ANSWER RNA contains ribose instead of deoxyribose, RNA
contains uracil instead of thymine like DNA, RNA is single-stranded rather than
double-stranded like DNA, RNA is smaller than DNA, and RNA is sometimes found
in the cytoplasm.
RNA and DNA - ANSWER Both are nucleic acids, made of nucleotides, have
sugar-phosphate backbones, and found in the nucleus
3 Types of RNA - ANSWER Messenger RNA (mRNA), Transport RNA (tRNA),
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) - ANSWER A constituent of ribosome; exists within the
ribosomes of cytoplasm and assists in protein synthesis.
Messenger RNA (mRNA) - ANSWER A type of RNA, synthesized using a DNA
template, that attaches to ribosomes in the cytoplasm and specifies the primary
structure of a protein.
Transfer RNA (tRNA) - ANSWER A type of ribonucleic acid that functions as an
interpreter in translation. Each tRNA molecule has a specific anticodon, picks up a
specific amino acid, and conveys the amino acid to the appropriate codon on
mRNA.
Proteins - ANSWER Composed of subunits of amino acids, sequence of amino
acids determines the shape of the protein; important for diverse functions in the
body, including hormones, enzymes, and transport; can denature, causing a loss of
function.
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