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BIO 253 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT SOLUTIONS
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BIO 253 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT SOLUTIONSBIO 253 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT SOLUTIONSBIO 253 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT SOLUTIONS Organelles are - ANSWER- Organs of the Urinary system - ANSWER-kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra draw and label a kidney with the...

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  • January 20, 2025
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  • 2024/2025
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BIO 253 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT SOLUTIONS

Organelles are - ANSWER-

Organs of the Urinary system - ANSWER-kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra

draw and label a kidney with the following terms: Cortex, Medulla, Pelvis, renal artery,
renal vein, ureter, nephron - ANSWER-

functional unit of the kidney - ANSWER-nephron
1 million per kidney!

What parts make up the nephron? - ANSWER-Renal corpuscle
Renal tubule
Glomerulus (capillaries that filter the blood plasma)
Bowman's capsule (surrounds the glomerulus)
Efferent arteriole
loop of henle

What is the glomerulus made of? - ANSWER-capillaries

Function of a nephron - ANSWER-filter blood and produce urine

Two nephron types - ANSWER-juxtamedullary and cortical

juxtamedullary nephrons - ANSWER--Long nephron loops deeply invade medulla
-Ascending limbs have thick and thin segments
-Important in production of concentrated urine
-found at the boundary of the cortex and medulla

cortical nephrons - ANSWER--85% of all nephrons
-short nephron loops
-efferent arterioles branch into peritubular capillaries around PCT and DCT

How is urine made in the kidney? - ANSWER-1.)Reabsorption - moving substances with
tubule into the blood.
2.)filtration - occurs in the glomerulus or renal corpuscle
3.)secretion
4.)filtration

driving force for filtration - ANSWER-hydrostatic pressure or BP

, What fluid comes out of the glomerulus? - ANSWER-filtrate

What is filtrate? - ANSWER-mostly water, electrolytes, nutrients, and waste products.
Glucose is normal in filtrate.
-similar to blood plasma

Reabsorption in the Nephron Loop - ANSWER-Only water is absorbed in the
descending limb. Na+ chloride is absorbed in the ascending limb (no water).

Status of water coming out of nephron loop? - ANSWER-@ Lowest concentration
(diluted)

Process taking place in nephron loop? - ANSWER-Countercurrent mechanism (dilutes
the urine). Can also create concentrated urine from the Na+ absorbed in the ascending
limb.

tubular secretion - ANSWER--selectively moves substances from blood to filtrate in
renal tubules and collecting ducts
-From blood to tubular
-Usually in the distal tubule
-K+, H+, Uric acid, Penicillin are secreted

Hormones that regulate kidney function - ANSWER-directly :
ADH
Aldosterone
ANH
indirectly :
Renin (created by kidney)
Angiotensin

Aldosterone function - ANSWER--decreases sodium and water loss in urine by
returning sodium and water to the blood

Aldosterone: Target Cells - ANSWER-kidneys

nephron in the cortex - ANSWER-What is the basic functional unit of the kidney? Where
in the kidney is it located?

glomerulus - ANSWER-A ball of capillaries surrounded by Bowman's capsule in the
nephron and serving as the site of filtration in the vertebrate kidney.

largest fluid distribution in the body - ANSWER-intracellular or interstitial (66%)

Other name for intracellular - ANSWER-cytoplasm

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