100% satisfaction guarantee Immediately available after payment Both online and in PDF No strings attached
logo-home
Previously searched by you
Previously searched by you
logo
BIOL 253 EXAM 4 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (GRADED A+) $18.99
Add to cart
Quickly navigate to
Preview
  2.  
  3. BIOL 253
  4.  
  5. BIOL 253

Exam (elaborations)

BIOL 253 EXAM 4 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (GRADED A+)
 0 purchase
  • Course
  • BIOL 253
  • Institution
  • BIOL 253

BIOL 253 EXAM 4 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (GRADED A+)BIOL 253 EXAM 4 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (GRADED A+)BIOL 253 EXAM 4 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (GRADED A+)BIOL 253 EXAM 4 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (GRADED A+)BIOL 253 EXAM 4 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (GRADED A+)circular folds - ANSWER-deep folds of the mucosa and s...

[Show more]

Preview 3 out of 18  pages

Document information

  • January 21, 2025
  • 18
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

Subjects

  • biol 253 exam 4 questions and answers graded a
  • biol 253 exam 4 questions and answers stuvia
  • circular folds answer deep folds of the mucosa

Written for

  • BIOL 253
  • BIOL 253

Seller

avatar-seller
NursingTutor1

Reviews received

Content preview

BIOL 253 EXAM 4 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS (GRADED A+)
circular folds - ANSWER-deep folds of the mucosa and submucosa that extend
completely or partially around the circumference of the small intestine

covered with fingerlike projections called villi

microvilli - ANSWER-projections that increase the cell's surface area

collectively known as a brush border

goblet cells - ANSWER-secrete mucus that lubricates and protects the inner surface of
the wall of the small intestine

total surface area of small intestine - ANSWER-250-300 square meters

increased surface area maximizes its absorptive capacity

lacteal - ANSWER-single, blind-ended lymphatic vessel

occupies the center of each intestinal villus

most of the fat absorbed in the small intestine enters the lacteals

three segments of the small intestine - ANSWER-duodenum (short), jejunum, ileum
(longest)

most of the chyme that enters the stomach is digested and absorbed in the _____ -
ANSWER-duodenum and part of the jejunum

removal of parts of small intestine - ANSWER-does not necessarily result in nutritional
deficiencies, depending on which part of the intestine is removed

the remaining tissue can increase its digestive and absorptive capacities to compensate
for the removal of the diseased part

pancreas - ANSWER-elongated gland located behind the stomach

produce secretions essential to the function of the small intestine

pancreatic duct - ANSWER-delivers exocrine secretions to the duodenum

,liver - ANSWER-large organ located in upper-right portion of abdomen

secretes bile into small ducts that join to form the common hepatic duct

gallbladder - ANSWER-stores secreted bile

small sac underneath the liver that branches from the common hepatic duct

during a meal, smooth muscles in the gallbladder wall are stimulated to contract,
causing a concentrated bile solution to flow down the common bile duct and be injected
through the sphincter of Oddi into the duodenum

secretion into the lumen - ANSWER-intestinal epithelium at the base of the villi secretes
a number of mineral ions (Na+, Cl_, HCO3-) into the lumen and water follows by
osmosis

osmotic gradient is enhanced when chyme entering the small intestine from the
stomach is hypertonic due to high concentrations of solutes resulting from the
breakdown of large food molecules into many more small molecules

pancreatic secretions - ANSWER-exocrine portion of pancreas secretes HCO3 and a
number of digestive enzymes into the duodenum

HCO3 is secreted by the epithelial cells lining the pancreatic duct (apical membrane
cl-/hco3- exchanger)

acini - ANSWER-lobules at the end of the pancreatic duct system that secrete the
digestive enzymes from the pancreas

cystic fibrosis - ANSWER-result in decreased pancreatic hco3- secretion

Enterokinase - ANSWER-proteolytic enzyme that converts trypsinogen to trypsin

embedded in the apical plasma membranes of intestinal epithelial cells

secretion of bile components - ANSWER-bile salts, cholesterol, phospholipids, and bile
pigments are secreted by hepatocytes

hco3- solution is secreted by epithelial cells lining bile ducts; stimulated by secretin in
response to the presence of acid in the duodenum

carbohydrate digestion - ANSWER-250-300 g/day

begins in the mouth by salivary amylase

continues in upper part of stomach before gastric acid inactivates amylase

, 95% is completed in small intestine by pancreatic amylase

trypsin - ANSWER-Proteolytic enzyme that activates other pancreatic zymogens by
splitting off peptide fragments

hepatic lobule - ANSWER-functional unit of the liver

portal triad - ANSWER-composed of branches of the bile duct, hepatic and portal veins,
and the hepatic artery

where do substances absorbed from the small intestine end up? - ANSWER-1. hepatic
sinusoid either to reach the vena cava via the central vein

2. taken up by hepatocytes (liver cells) where they can be modified

hepatocytes - ANSWER-can rid the body of substances by secretion into the bile
canaliculi, which converge to form the common hepatic bile duct

six major components of bile - ANSWER-1. bile salts
2. phospholipids
3. HCO3- and other ions
4. cholesterol
5. bile pigments and small amounts of other metabolic end products
6. trace metals

1 and 2: synthesized in liver and help solubilize fat in the small intestine

3: neutralizes acid in the duodenum

4-6: represent substances extracted from the blood by the liver and excreted via the bile

bile salts - ANSWER-the most important components of bile

during digestion, absorbed by specific Na+-coupled transporters in the ileum

returned via portal vein to the liver, where they are once again secreted into the bile

uptake from portal blood into hepatocytes is driven by secondary active transport
coupled to Na+

enterohepatic circulation - ANSWER-recycling pathway of bile salts from the liver to the
intestine and back to the liver

5% of bile salt escapes and is lost in feces, but the liver synthesizes new bile salts from
cholesterol to replace it

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller NursingTutor1. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for $18.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

69484 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 15 years now

Start selling

Recently viewed by you

Exam (elaborations) ·

(0)

CCA PREP! 362 QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS

Class notes ·

(0)

Bestuursprocesrecht: antwoorden werkgroep week 1 t/m 3

Exam (elaborations) ·

(0)

Peds Preschool Review Practice Questions 2024.

Exam (elaborations) ·

(0)

Evolve HESI Peds Review Study Guide Test 2024.

Exam (elaborations) ·

(0)

Mancosa ADBM Marketing Management KCQ revision

Exam (elaborations) ·

(0)

PEDS 3 Exam Questions Correctly Answered 2024.

Thesis ·

(0)

Verantwoordingsrapport afstuderen nieuwe stijl

Package deal ·

(0)

Samenvatting bijzondere weefselleer compleet

Exam (elaborations) ·

(0)

BECC Mod 7 questions and answers 100% verified.
$18.99
  • (0)
Add to cart
Added