The COMLEX-USA (Comprehensive Osteopathic Medical Licensing Examination of the United States) is a series of standardized medical board exams designed for osteopathic medical students and physicians. Administered by the National Board of Osteopathic Medical Examiners (NBOME), it evaluates candidate...
Trinucleotide repeat of CAG - Answers Huntington disease
Trinucleotide repeat of CTG - Answers myotonic dystrophy
Trinucleotide repeat of CGG - Answers Fragile X
Trinucleotide repeat of GAA - Answers Friedreich ataxia - see
hammertoes and nystagmus
First line therapy for hypertension in pregnancy - Answers
hydralazine - drug-induced lupus, which may present as myalgias,
arthralgias, lymphadenopathy, purpura, erythema nodosum, fever, and
positive anti-histone antibodies.
L5 rules occur in relation to sacral torsions only - Answers L5 rotates
opposite of sacral rotation 2) L5 sidebends toward the side of the oblique
axis of the sacrum.
, Q&A
Bleeding from gastroduodenal artery - Answers Bleeding from
gastroduodenal a. from PUD. Branch of common hepatic a.
What kind of a virus is EBV? - Answers dsDNA - herpesvirus -
others: herpes simplex viruses, human herpes viruses, varicella zoster
virus, and cytomegalovirus which can cause heterophile-negative
mononucleosis.
EBV seen with infectious mononucleosis
Uses for valproic acid - Answers a drug of choice for general tonic-
clonic seizures, can also useful as a mood stabilizing agent for bipolar
disorder.
AE: hepatotoxicity, GI distress
Lassa fever - Answers -Arenaviruses such as Lassa virus are an
important cause of viral hemorrhagic fever and are transmitted by exposure
to rodent excretions.
-Circular, ambisense single-stranded RNA genomes with 2 segments.
-the virion has distinctive sand-like particles (ribosomes) under electron
microscopy.
Bullous impetigo - Answers -A toxin-mediated disease caused by
the Staphylococcus aureus exfoliative toxin.
-It causes painful blistering due to splitting the epidermis at the stratum
granulosum.
, Q&A
weight loss, early satiety, and sudden onset of several lesions (brown
greasy plaques on chest and back) - Answers Though the diagnosis
of seborrheic keratosis can be made clinically, the biopsy will show
histologic evidence of proliferation and intraepidermal horn cysts filled with
cornified cells containing melanin.
What is the drug of choice for medical erectile dysfunction? - Answers
Sildenafil acts by inhibiting cGMP phosphodiesterase thus increasing
cGMP.
Primary cause of AIDS-related diarrhea - Answers Cryptosporidium
parvum and can be diagnosed by the presence of acid-fast oocysts in a
stool sample.
If child is up-to-date on their immunizations but presents with a rash all over
that isn't itchy, think - Answers Roseola is caused by human herpes
virus 6 and presents as a 3 day fever which resolves and then a lacy
macular rash starts on the trunk and spreads to the face and extremities.
Bloody diarrhea, recent camping, symmetrical ascending weakness -
Answers Campylobacter jejuni is one of the most common causes of
bloody diarrhea in the United States and is associated with Guillain-Barré
syndrome, which presents as ascending weakness.
C. jejuni is a motile, oxidase-positive, gram-negative curved rod that grows
at 42°C and is one of the most common causes of bloody diarrhea in the
United States.
Most common thyroid cancer and what does bx show? - Answers
Papillary carcinoma is the most common thyroid cancer. Biopsy shows
, Q&A
papillary growth and optically clear nuclei. ("orphan Annie"). Malignant but
excellent prognosis.
Antidote for heparin overdose - Answers protamine sulfate
Antidote(s) for warfarin - Answers Vitamin K (slow)
Fresh frozen plasma is a source of factors II, V, VII, IX, X, and XI. It is
usually used to reverse the effects of warfarin in emergencies. (fast)
When would you suspect Rett syndrome? - Answers Suspect Rett
syndrome in a female child presents with the regression of milestones and
constant midline hand movements like clapping or wringing. The cause of
Rett syndrome is a deletion of the MECP2 gene and lack of the
corresponding protein, which is needed to effectively regulate the activation
of other genes. Treatment is symptomatic only.
Order of spinal ligaments dorsal to ventral - Answers The most
superficial ligament encountered is the supraspinous ligament followed by
interspinous ligament, ligamentum flavum and posterior longitudinal
ligament moving dorsal to ventral.
First line agent for simple and complex seizures - Answers
Carbamazepine inactivates voltage-gated Na+ channels
Posterior horn - Answers Pain and temperature
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