This is a good example of how to prove your research/reasoning as you complete your EPQ. Hits A01, A02 and A04 of the AQA specification. Referencing is Harvard Style. 16 pages showing how to properly reference/log/rate/organise your research. This system is an efficient and easy method for your EP...
EPQ Reference Table
Source Type Title Author(s) Rating (1-10) Reason Reference
Scientific Journal Bacteriophage Alexander - 9 This journal provided a series of Sulakvelidze, A.,
Therapy Sulakvelidze comprehensive histories of clinical Alavidze, Z. and Morris,
trials conducted in Eastern Europe and J. (2001). Bacteriophage
the former Soviet Union which are not Therapy. [online]
Zemphira Alavidze published in english and so are widely American Society for
J.Glenn Morris Jr. omitted from other sources. Moreover, it Microbiology. Available
has inspired several new areas for further at:
research including currently operating http://aac.asm.org/content
institutes for bacteriophage therapy, /45/3/649.short [Accessed
clinical trials in animals, prophylaxis, 18 Jun. 2018].
normalization of TNF-α and the
isolation of antibacterial genes from
phages. However, much of the scientific
terminology was beyond my
understanding and so has to be looked
up.
Scientific Journal Phage therapy: An Derek M Lin 8 Provides some of the reasoning for the Lin, D., Koskella, B. and
alternative to Britt Koskella decline in use of bacteriophage Lin, H. (2017). Phage
therapy (i.e. a lack of trust due to poor therapy: An alternative to
antibiotics in the age Henry C Lin understanding of isolation, storage and antibiotics in the age of
of multi-drug contamination prevention producing multi-drug resistance.
resistance. ineffective phage cocktails). Promising [online] World Journal of
evidence in case studies against Gastrointestinal
clinically significant pathogens. Pharmacology and
Moreover, a large focus on the promise Therapeutics. Available
of phage-derived lytic proteins’ at:
antibacterial potential particularly in https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.
immunocompromised individuals. gov/pmc/articles/PMC554
Promising evidence for specificity, fair 7374/ [Accessed 18 Jun.
judgements on both the safety pros and 2018].
cons (not seen in other literature).
Finally, interesting research on phage
dispersion of biofilms - a limitation of
many antibiotics. Science, largely at an
understandable level - with some
, sections beyond.
TED Talk Phages:Nature's Heather Hendrickson 3 Had some useful insights into the issue TEDx Talks, 2016.
Ninjas in the battle of antibiotic resistance as well as some Phages:Nature's Ninjas in
interesting statistics. However, I found it the battle against
against Superbugs | to be largely overly simplified. It will be Superbugs
Heather Hendrickson | of limited use in my project. . [online video] Available
TEDxTauranga at:
https://www.youtube.com
/watch?v=p2ngpKBPfF8
[Accessed 25 August
2018].
TED Talk How Sewage Saved Steffanie Strathdee 5 Initially I found it to be an TEDx Talks, 2017. How
My Husband's Life oversimplified explanation of phages. Sewage Saved My
However, the 1st hand account of a Husband's Life from a
from a Superbug | crucially important case (that of Tom Superbug. [online video]
Steffanie Strathdee | Patterson - the first person in the US to Available
TEDxNashville be treated I.V by phage therapy) and the at:https://www.youtube.co
media attention it received will prove m/watch?v=AbAZU8Fqz
important when evaluating public X4 [Accessed 25 August
opinion as an obstacle to further use of 2018]
phage therapy. Unfortunately it did
contain some conflicting information
and so more research and cross
examination as to the FDA’s stance on
bacteriophage therapy will be required.
Scientific Journal Bacteriophage Zhabiz Golkar 9 Provides many good examples of Golkar, Z., Bagasra, O.
therapy: a potential Omar Bagasra current antibiotic resistant superbugs and Pace, D. (2014).
as well as a detailed insight into the Bacteriophage therapy: a
solution for the Donald Gene Pace economic factors surrounding phage potential solution for the
antibiotic resistance therapy (in the US). A clear comparison antibiotic resistance crisis.
crisis of phages and antibiotics (e.g. increased The Journal of Infection
specificity and decreased risk of in Developing Countries,
secondary infection). Introduced me to [online] 8(02). Available
two alternative uses of phages to slow at:
down the development of antibiotic https://pdfs.semanticschol
resistance in the form of biofilm ar.org/1b36/6ce6df4898ce
inhibition and as a biocontrol method cc70f58a4ad426a023fa9d
against Listeria monocytogenes. The 96.pdf [Accessed 25 Aug.
science was at a understandable level. 2018].
, Website Antimicrobial Agents 5 Provided me with the basics in how Birmingham.ac.uk.
- University of some antibiotics work - i.e the (2018). Biology -
inhibition of cross-linking proteins in the antimicrobial agents -
Birmingham peptidoglycan layer of gram-positive University of
bacteria as well as some counter Birmingham. [online]
measures taken by the bacteria. Available at:
Information was at a level easy to https://www.birmingham.
understand but not fully in depth enough ac.uk/undergraduate/prepa
for my purpose. ring-for-
university/stem/Biology/st
em-legacy-
antimicrobial.aspx
[Accessed 25 Aug. 2018].
Scientific Journal Mechanisms of Sirijan Santajit 7 Provided me with some good statistics Santajit, S. and
Antimicrobial Nitaya Indrawattana as well as a base level of understanding Indrawattana, N. (2016).
of how different forms of antibiotic Mechanisms of
Resistance in resistance are expressed - but a large Antimicrobial Resistance
ESKAPE Pathogens majority of the science too far beyond in ESKAPE Pathogens.
my understanding to be of use in my BioMed Research
project. International, [online]
2016, pp.1-8. Available
at:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.
gov/pmc/articles/PMC487
1955/ [Accessed 26 Aug.
2018].
Website Global antibiotic use Bazian 4 Some interesting statistics about nhs.uk. (2018). Global
has increased - antibiotic usage presented in a clear and antibiotic use has
accessible way - but I have some increased - sparking fears
sparking fears of concerns about the validity of some of of worldwide resistance.
worldwide resistance the data. [online] Available at:
https://www.nhs.uk/news/
medication/global-
antibiotic-use-has-
increased-sparking-fears-
worldwide-resistance/
[Accessed 26 Aug. 2018].
Website Beta Lactam 8 A nice simple explanation of how β- Amrls.cvm.msu.edu.
Antibiotics lactam antibiotics work - will be (2018). Beta Lactam
extremely useful in explaining the Antibiotics —
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