NR 503 Epi Midterm QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS(RATED A+)
Internal Validity - ANSWERWhether the study measures what it was supposed to
measure
External Validity - ANSWERThe generalizability of the results to other populations
National Healthcare Quality Report (NHQR) - ANSWERIntent is to respond to the
status of healthcare quality in the US, identify where improvements are needed, and
describe how the quality of health are is given to the population over time.
National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) - ANSWERCollects official records of
birth, deaths, marriages, divorces, fetal deaths, and induced terminations of
pregnancies from state and local departments
Social justice theory - ANSWERAddresses the availability or equal access to
healthcare to all individuals and speaks to equal quality of care without prejudice
Social determinants of health and inequalities - ANSWERAreas APRN can utilize to
inform and guide practice to develop socioculturally appropriate interventions.
Related to where patients are born, grow up, work, live and the healthcare system
available to them
Reliability - ANSWERThe ability of test results being replicated if the test is repeated
Probability - ANSWERStudy of the laws of chance
Sensitivity - ANSWERThe tests' ability to yield a positive result when the person
actually has the condition, disease, or disorder
Specificity - ANSWERThe tests' ability to yield a negative result when the person
does not have the condition
Gold Standard - ANSWERTests with 100% sensitivity and specificity
Positive predictive value - ANSWERProbability the person actually having the
disease when the screening test or diagnostic test is positive
Negative Predictive Value (NPV) - ANSWERThe probability of the person being free
of disease when the screening test or diagnostic test is negative
Clinically significant - ANSWERReferring to results that have clinical significance
Natural history of disease - ANSWERNature of the disease and how it progresses
, primary prevention - ANSWERInterventions aimed at preventing the condition,
disorder or disease
secondary prevention - ANSWERInterventions aimed at detecting a disease early in
its course
Tertiary prevention - ANSWERLimiting the effects of the disease once it is
established
True Positive (TP) - ANSWEROccurs when the test correctly reports disease
presence when disease is in fact present
False positive - ANSWEROccurs when the test incorrectly reports disease presence
when disease is, in fact absent
False negative - ANSWEROccurs when the test incorrectly reports the abscence of
disease when disease is in fact present
Campaign for action - ANSWEREncouraged by Robert Wood, focuses on specific
aspects of health and healthcare based on the Institute of Medicine's
recommendations. They aim to improve health through nursing.
Morbidity and mortality weekly report (MMWR) - ANSWERProvisional weekly
updates of reportable diseases can be accessed electronically
National health and nutrition examination survey (NHANES) - ANSWERMajor
surgery source conducted through mobile examination centers held at randomly
selected sites throughout the US
Vital statistics - ANSWERquantitative data concerning a population, such as the
number of births, marriages, and deaths.
Morbidity - ANSWERpresence of illness or disease
Mortality - ANSWERRelated to the tracking of deaths within an aggregate
Cases - ANSWERInstances of disease
Surveillance - ANSWERCollection, analysis, dissemination of data
Social justice - ANSWERdistribution of goods or services within a societal context
Incidence - ANSWERMeasures the appearance of a disease
Prevalence - ANSWERMeasures the existence of disease
Outcomes - ANSWERThe change in health status related to the intervention
provided
ANSWERS(RATED A+)
Internal Validity - ANSWERWhether the study measures what it was supposed to
measure
External Validity - ANSWERThe generalizability of the results to other populations
National Healthcare Quality Report (NHQR) - ANSWERIntent is to respond to the
status of healthcare quality in the US, identify where improvements are needed, and
describe how the quality of health are is given to the population over time.
National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) - ANSWERCollects official records of
birth, deaths, marriages, divorces, fetal deaths, and induced terminations of
pregnancies from state and local departments
Social justice theory - ANSWERAddresses the availability or equal access to
healthcare to all individuals and speaks to equal quality of care without prejudice
Social determinants of health and inequalities - ANSWERAreas APRN can utilize to
inform and guide practice to develop socioculturally appropriate interventions.
Related to where patients are born, grow up, work, live and the healthcare system
available to them
Reliability - ANSWERThe ability of test results being replicated if the test is repeated
Probability - ANSWERStudy of the laws of chance
Sensitivity - ANSWERThe tests' ability to yield a positive result when the person
actually has the condition, disease, or disorder
Specificity - ANSWERThe tests' ability to yield a negative result when the person
does not have the condition
Gold Standard - ANSWERTests with 100% sensitivity and specificity
Positive predictive value - ANSWERProbability the person actually having the
disease when the screening test or diagnostic test is positive
Negative Predictive Value (NPV) - ANSWERThe probability of the person being free
of disease when the screening test or diagnostic test is negative
Clinically significant - ANSWERReferring to results that have clinical significance
Natural history of disease - ANSWERNature of the disease and how it progresses
, primary prevention - ANSWERInterventions aimed at preventing the condition,
disorder or disease
secondary prevention - ANSWERInterventions aimed at detecting a disease early in
its course
Tertiary prevention - ANSWERLimiting the effects of the disease once it is
established
True Positive (TP) - ANSWEROccurs when the test correctly reports disease
presence when disease is in fact present
False positive - ANSWEROccurs when the test incorrectly reports disease presence
when disease is, in fact absent
False negative - ANSWEROccurs when the test incorrectly reports the abscence of
disease when disease is in fact present
Campaign for action - ANSWEREncouraged by Robert Wood, focuses on specific
aspects of health and healthcare based on the Institute of Medicine's
recommendations. They aim to improve health through nursing.
Morbidity and mortality weekly report (MMWR) - ANSWERProvisional weekly
updates of reportable diseases can be accessed electronically
National health and nutrition examination survey (NHANES) - ANSWERMajor
surgery source conducted through mobile examination centers held at randomly
selected sites throughout the US
Vital statistics - ANSWERquantitative data concerning a population, such as the
number of births, marriages, and deaths.
Morbidity - ANSWERpresence of illness or disease
Mortality - ANSWERRelated to the tracking of deaths within an aggregate
Cases - ANSWERInstances of disease
Surveillance - ANSWERCollection, analysis, dissemination of data
Social justice - ANSWERdistribution of goods or services within a societal context
Incidence - ANSWERMeasures the appearance of a disease
Prevalence - ANSWERMeasures the existence of disease
Outcomes - ANSWERThe change in health status related to the intervention
provided
