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Egan’s Fundamentals of Respiratory Care 12th Edition Kacmarek 100% Verified Answers COVERS ALL CHAPTERS Egan’s Fundamentals of Respiratory Care 12th Edition Kacmarek 100% Verified Answers COVERS ALL CHAPTERS Egan’s Fundamentals of Respiratory Care 12th Edition Kacmarek 100% Verified Answers C...

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Chapter 01 - History of Respiratory Care
Kacmarek et al.: Egan’s Fundamentals of Respiratory Care, 12th Edition


MULTIPLE CHOICE


Complete Test Bank Which of the following is an expected role of a respiratory therapist?
Promoting lung health and wellness
Providing patient education
Assessing the patient’s cardiopulmonary health status
Egan’s Fundamentals of Respiratory Selling oxygen (O2) therapy devices to patients
1 only
1 and 4 only
1, 2, and 3 only
Care 12th Edition Kacmarek d. 1, 2, 3, and 4
ANS: C
100% Verified Answers COVERS ALL CHAPTERS Respiratory care includes the assessment, treatment, management, control, diagnostic
evaluation, education, and care of patients with deficiencies and abnormalities of the
cardiopulmonary system. Respiratory care is increasingly involved in the prevention of
respiratory disease, the management of patients with chronic disease, and promotion of health
and wellness.

DIF: Recall REF: p. 3 OBJ: 1

Where are the majority of respiratory therapists employed?
Skilled nursing facilities
Diagnostic laboratories
Hospitals or acute care settings
Outpatient physician offices
ANS: C
Approximately 75% of all respiratory therapists work in hospitals or other acute care settings.

DIF: Recall REF: p. 3 OBJ: 1

Who is considered to be the “father of medicine”?
Hippocrates
Galen
Erasistratus
Aristotle
ANS: A
The foundation of modern Western medicine was laid in ancient Greece with the development
of the Hippocratic Corpus. This collection of ancient medical writings is attributed to the
“father of medicine,” Hippocrates, a Greek physician who lived during the fifth and fourth
centuries BC.

DIF: Recall REF: pp. 3-4 OBJ: 2




Type here] Verified test bank [Type here]

, In 1662, a chemist published a book that described the relationship between gas, volume, and William Roentgen
pressure. What was the chemist’s name? Thomas Young
Sir Isaac Newton
ANS: C
Robert Boyle
In 1895, William Roentgen discovered the x-ray and the modern field of radiologic imaging
Anthony van Leeuwenhoek
sciences was born.
Nicolaus Copernicus
ANS: B DIF: Recall REF: p. 7 OBJ: 2
The chemist, Robert Boyle, published what is now known as “Boyle’s law,” governing the
relationship between gas, volume, and pressure. What was the primary duty of the first inhalation therapists?
Provide airway care.
DIF: Recall REF: p. 6 OBJ: 2 Support O2 therapy.
Aerosol therapy to patients.
Who discovered O2 in 1774 and described it as “dephlogisticated air”? Maintain patients on mechanical ventilation.
Robert Boyle
ANS: B
Jacque Charles
The first inhalation therapists were really just O2 technicians.
Thomas Beddoes
Joseph Priestley DIF: Recall REF: p. 7 OBJ: 3
ANS: D
In 1774, Joseph Priestley described his discovery of O2, which he called “dephlogisticated When did the designation “respiratory therapist” become standard?
air.” a. 1954
b. 1964
DIF: Recall REF: pp. 6-7 OBJ: 2 c. 1974
d. 1984
Who is credited with first describing the law of partial pressures for a gas mixture?
ANS: C
John Dalton
In 1974, the designation “respiratory therapist” became standard.
Joseph Prestley
Jacque Charles DIF: Recall REF: p. 7 OBJ: 3
Thomas Young
ANS: A Who was the first to develop the large-scale production of O2 in 1907?
John Dalton described his law of partial pressures for a gas mixture in 1801 and his atomic Robert Dalton
theory in 1808. David Boyle
Thomas Anderson
DIF: Recall REF: p. 7 OBJ: 2 Karl von Linde
ANS: D
Who was the first scientist in 1865 to suggest that microorganisms caused many diseases?
Large-scale production of O2 was developed by Karl von Linde in 1907.
Thomas Young
Louis Pasteur DIF: Recall REF: p. 7 OBJ: 4
Henry Graham
Robert Koch When was the first Venti-mask introduced that allows the precise delivery of 24%, 28%, 35%,and
ANS: B 40% O2?
In 1865, Louis Pasteur advanced his “germ theory” of disease, which held that many diseases a. 1945
are caused by microorganisms. b. 1954
c. 1960
DIF: Recall REF: p. 7 OBJ: 2 d. 1972
ANS: C
Who discovered the x-ray and opened the door for the modern field of radiology?
The Campbell Venti-mask, which allowed the administration of 24%, 28%, 35%, or 40% O2,
John Dalton
was introduced in 1960.
William Smith


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, DIF: Recall REF: p. 8 OBJ: 4
DIF: Recall REF: p. 8 OBJ: 4
When were aerosolized glucocorticoids for the maintenance of patients with moderate to
severe asthma first introduced? When was positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) first introduced to treat patients with acute
In the 1950s respiratory distress syndrome?
In the 1960s a. 1935
In the 1970s b. 1946
In the 1980s c. 1958
d. 1967
ANS: C
The use of aerosolized glucocorticoids for the maintenance of patients with moderate to ANS: D
severe asthma began in the 1970s. Positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) was introduced for use in patients with ARDS in
1967.
DIF: Recall REF: p. 8 OBJ: 4
DIF: Recall REF: p. 9 OBJ: 4
Which of the following medications has never been delivered as an aerosol by a respiratory
therapist? When was synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV) first introduced?
Inotropes a. 1975
Anticholinergic b. 1985
Mucolytic c. 1995
Antibiotic d. 2005

ANS: A ANS: A
There has been a proliferation of medications designed for aerosol administration, including SIMV was introduced in 1975.
bronchodilators, mucolytic, antibiotic, anticholinergic, and antiinflammatory agents.
DIF: Recall REF: p. 9 OBJ: 4
DIF: Recall REF: p. 8 OBJ: 4
Who introduced the first laryngoscope, in 1913?
Which two names are linked to the development of the iron lung, which was extensively usedto Thomas Allen
treat the polio epidemic in the 1950s? Chevalier Jackson
Allison and Smyth Jack Emerson
Drinker and Emerson Forrest Bird
Drager and Bennett ANS: B
Byrd and Tyler In 1913, the laryngoscope was introduced by Chevalier Jackson.
ANS: B
The iron lung was developed by Drinker, an engineer at Harvard University. Jack H. Emerson DIF: Recall REF: p. 10 OBJ: 5
developed a commercial version of the iron lung that was used extensively during the polio
epidemics of the 1930s and 1950s. Who introduced the use of soft rubber endotracheal tubes around 1930?
Davidson
DIF: Recall REF: p. 8 OBJ: 5 McGill
Haight
Which of the following was one of the first positive-pressure ventilators developed? Murphy
MA-1 ANS: B
Bird Mark 7 Ivan McGill introduced the use of soft rubber endotracheal tubes.
Dräger Pulmotor
Engstrom DIF: Recall REF: p. 10 OBJ: 5
ANS: C
Early positive-pressure ventilators included the Dräger Pulmotor (1911), the Spiropulsator In 1846, who developed a water seal spirometer, which allowed accurate measurement of the
(1934), the Bennett TV-2P (1948), the Morch Piston Ventilator (1952), and the Bird Mark 7 patient’s vital capacity?
(1958). Hutchinson


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, Strohl American Association for Respiratory Care (AARC)
Tiffeneau Committee on Accreditation for Respiratory Care (CoARC)
Davis Joint Review Committee for Respiratory Therapy Education (JRCRTE)
ANS: A ANS: C
In 1846, John Hutchinson developed a water seal spirometer, with which he measured the Today, respiratory care educational programs in the United States are accredited by the
vital capacity. CoARC.

DIF: Recall REF: p. 10 OBJ: 5 DIF: Recall REF: p. 13 OBJ: 6

What was the name of the first professional organization for the field of respiratory care? The majority of respiratory care education programs in the United States offer what degree?
American Association for Inhalation Therapy Associate’s degree
National Organization for Inhalation Therapy Bachelor’s degree
Inhalation Therapy Association Master’s degree
Better Breathers Organization Certificate degree
ANS: C ANS: A
Founded in 1947 in Chicago, the Inhalational Therapy Association (ITA) was the first There are approximately 300 associate, 50 baccalaureate, and 3 graduate-level degree
professional association for the field of respiratory care. programs in the United States.

DIF: Recall REF: p. 10 OBJ: 7 DIF: Recall REF: p. 13 OBJ: 8

In which year did the respiratory care professional organization American Association for Which of the following are predicted to be a growing trend in respiratory care for the future?
Respiratory Therapy (ARRT) change its name to American Association for Respiratory Care Greater use of respiratory therapy protocols
(AARC)? Increased need for patient assessment skills
a. 1954 Increased involvement in smoking cessation programs
b. 1966 Clinical decisions will increasingly be data-driven
c. 1975 and 2 only
d. 1982 and 3 only
ANS: D
2, 3, and 4 only
d. 1, 2, 3, and 4
The ITA became the American Association for Inhalation Therapists (AAIT) in 1954, the
American Association for Respiratory Therapy (ARRT) in 1973, and the AARC in 1982. ANS: D
Dr. David Pierson, a prominent pulmonary physician, described the future of respiratory care
DIF: Recall REF: p. 10 OBJ: 7 in 2001. Among other things, he predicted greater use of patient assessment and protocols in
disease state management in all clinical settings; a more active role for respiratory therapists
What organization has developed an examination to enable respiratory therapists to become in palliative care; increasing emphasis on smoking cessation and prevention; early detection
licensed? and intervention in COPD; and an increase in the use of respiratory therapists as coordinators
American Respiratory Care Board and caregivers for homecare. The science of respiratory care will continue to evolve and
National Board for Respiratory Care increase in complexity, and clinical decisions will increasingly be data-driven.
American Association for Respiratory Care
National Organization for Respiratory Therapist DIF: Recall REF: p. 14 OBJ: 9
ANS: B
How is competency to practice Respiratory Care determined?
During the 1980s, the AARC began a major push to introduce state licensure for respiratory
Achievement of good grades in school and graduating from an approved program.
care practitioners based on the National Board for Respiratory Care (NBRC) credentials.
Applying for a state license.
DIF: Recall REF: p. 10 OBJ: 6 Only by graduating from a CoARC approved program.
Obtaining a passing grade on a credentialing examination administered by the
Today, respiratory care educational programs in the United States are accredited by what NBRC after graduation from a CoARC approved program.
organization? ANS: D
National Board for Respiratory Care (NBRC)


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