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Final Exam: NR 565/ NR565 (New 2025/ 2026 Update) Advanced Pharmacology Fundamentals Guide| Questions & Answers| Grade A| 100% Correct (Verified Solutions)- Chamberlain $11.99
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Final Exam: NR 565/ NR565 (New 2025/ 2026 Update) Advanced Pharmacology Fundamentals Guide| Questions & Answers| Grade A| 100% Correct (Verified Solutions)- Chamberlain

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Final Exam: NR 565/ NR565 (New 2025/ 2026 Update) Advanced Pharmacology Fundamentals Guide| Questions & Answers| Grade A| 100% Correct (Verified Solutions)- Chamberlain

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  • January 27, 2025
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  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
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Finall Exam:l NRl 565/l NR565l (Newl 2025/l
2026l Update)l Advancedl Pharmacologyl
Fundamentalsl Guide|l Questionsl &l
Answers|l Gradel A|l 100%l Correctl
(Verifiedl Solutions)-l Chamberlain
QUESTION
Hypothyroidisml Treatmentl Duringl Pregnancy


Answer:
Thel effectl ofl maternall hypothyroidisml isl limitedl largelyl tol thel firstl trimester,l al timel
duringl whichl thel fetusl isl unablel tol producel thyroidl hormonesl ofl itsl own.l Byl thel
secondl trimester,l thel fetall thyroidl glandl isl fullyl functional,l andl hencel thel fetusl canl
supplyl itsl ownl hormonesl froml thenl on.l Therefore,l tol helpl ensurel healthyl fetall
development,l maternall hypothyroidisml mustl bel diagnosedl andl treatedl veryl early.




QUESTION
Hyperthyroidisml Treatmentl Duringl Pregnancy


Answer:
Iodine-131l isl contraindicatedl inl pregnancy.l Methimazolel shouldl bel avoidedl inl thel firstl
trimesterl ofl pregnancy.




QUESTION
Thyroidl Storm:l Symptoms


Answer:
Al thyrotoxicl crisisl canl occurl inl patientsl withl severel thyrotoxicosisl whenl theyl undergol
majorl surgeryl orl developl al severel intercurrentl illnessl (e.g.,l infection,l sepsis).l Thel
syndromel isl characterizedl byl profoundl hyperthermial (105°Fl orl evenl higher),l severel

,tachycardia,l restlessness,l agitation,l andl tremor.l Unconsciousness,l coma,l hypotension,l andl
heartl failurel mayl ensue.l Thesel symptomsl arel producedl byl excessivel levelsl ofl thyroidl
hormones.




QUESTION
Ipratropium


Answer:
Ipratropiuml isl anl anticholinergicl bronchodilatorl thatl relievesl bronchospasml inl asthmal
andl COPD.l Itl worksl byl inhibitingl muscarinicl receptorsl inl thel airways,l leadingl tol
bronchodilationl andl decreasedl mucusl secretion.




QUESTION
Monoclonall Antibodies


Answer:
Monoclonall antibodies,l suchl asl omalizumab,l arel targetedl therapiesl forl severel asthma.l
Theyl bindl tol specificl moleculesl (e.g.,l IgE)l tol reducel inflammationl andl preventl asthmal
exacerbations.




QUESTION
Bronchodilators


Answer:
Bronchodilatorsl arel medicationsl thatl relaxl bronchiall smoothl muscles,l increasingl airflow.l
Theyl includel short-actingl (e.g.,l albuterol)l andl long-actingl beta-agonistsl (LABAs),l oftenl
usedl withl inhaledl corticosteroids.




QUESTION
Methylxanthines

,Answer:
Methylxanthines,l suchl asl theophylline,l arel bronchodilatorsl thatl workl byl inhibitingl
phosphodiesterase,l leadingl tol increasedl cAMPl levelsl andl relaxationl ofl bronchiall smoothl
muscle.l Theyl arel lessl commonlyl usedl duel tol sidel effects.




QUESTION
Leukotrienel Receptorl Antagonist


Answer:
Leukotrienel receptorl antagonistsl (e.g.,l montelukast)l blockl thel actionl ofl leukotrienes,l
whichl arel inflammatoryl mediatorsl involvedl inl asthma.l Theyl helpl reducel airwayl
inflammationl andl bronchoconstriction.




QUESTION
Glucocorticoidsl forl Asthma


Answer:
Glucocorticoidsl (e.g.,l fluticasone)l arel anti-inflammatoryl agentsl usedl tol controll chronicl
asthmal byl reducingl airwayl inflammationl andl hyperreactivity.l Theyl arel oftenl deliveredl
vial inhalation.




QUESTION
Monoclonall Antibodies:l Blackl Boxl Warning


Answer:
Somel monoclonall antibodiesl forl asthmal havel blackl boxl warningsl relatedl tol thel riskl ofl
anaphylaxisl orl malignancy,l necessitatingl carefull monitoringl andl patientl education.

, QUESTION
Asthmal Controll Assessment


Answer:
-l Threel categories:l well-controlled,l notl well-controlled,l veryl poorlyl controlled
-l Questionsl include:l symptoms,l nighttimel awakenings,l SABAl use,l effectl onl activity,l
FEV1,l FEV1/FVC,l questionaries,l thel riskl forl exacerbationsl requiringl systemicl
glucocorticoids,l riskl forl reductionl inl lungl growthl orl progressivel lossl ofl lungl function,l
riskl forl adversel effectsl ofl treatment,l recommendation.




QUESTION
Asthmal &l COPD:l Inhalationl Devices


Answer:
Inhalationl devices,l suchl asl metered-dosel inhalersl (MDIs)l andl dryl powderl inhalersl
(DPIs),l arel usedl tol deliverl medicationsl directlyl tol thel lungs.l Properl techniquel isl
essentiall forl effectivel drugl delivery.




QUESTION
Asthmal &l COPD:l Inhaledl Glucocorticoids


Answer:
Inhaledl glucocorticoidsl arel al cornerstonel ofl asthmal management,l effectivelyl reducingl
inflammationl andl preventingl exacerbationsl whenl usedl regularly.




QUESTION
Asthmal &l COPD:l Systemicl Glucocorticoids


Answer:

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