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Lewis's MedicalSurgical Nursing|| 12th Edition by Mariann M. Harding.&Jeffrey`Kwong,`2025.Chapter`1-69

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Lewis Medical-Surgical Nursing

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Lewis's`MedicalSurgical`Nursing||`12th`Edition`by`Mariann`M.`Harding.&Jeffrey`Kwong,`2025.Chapter`1-69Lewis's`MedicalSurgical`Nursing||`12th`Edition`by`Mariann`M.`Harding.&Jeffrey`Kwong,`2025.Chapter`1-69Lewis's`MedicalSurgical`Nursing||`12th`Edition`by`Mariann`M.`Harding.&Jeffrey`Kwong,`2025.Chapt...

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Lewis\'s`MedicalSurgical`Nursing||`12th`Edition`by`Mari
ann`M.`Harding.&Jeffrey`Kwong,`2025.Chapter`1-69

,Chapter`01:`Professional`Nursing
Harding:`Lewis’s`Medical-Surgical`Nursing,`12th`Edition

MULTIPLE`CHOICE

1. The`nurse`completes`an`admission`database`and`explains`that`the`plan`of`care`and`discharge`
goals`will`be`developed`with`the`patient‗s`input.`The`patient`asks,`―How`is`this`different`from`
what`the`physician`does?‖`Which`response`would`the`nurse`provide?
a. ―The`role`of`the`nurse`is`to`administer`medications`and`other`treatments`prescribed`
by`your`physician.‖
b. ―In`addition`to`caring`for`you`while`you`are`sick,`the`nurses`will`help`you`plan`to`
maintain`your`health.‖
c. ―The`nurse‗s`job`is`to`collect`information`and`communicate`any`problems`that`
occur`to`the`physician.‖
d. ―Nurses`perform`many`of`the`same`procedures`as`the`physician,`but`nurses`are`
with`the`patients`for`a`longer`time`than`the`physician.‖
ANS:` B
The`American`Nurses`Association`(ANA)`definition`of`nursing`describes`the`role`of`nurses`in`
promoting`health.`The`other`responses`describe`dependent`and`collaborative`functions`of`the`
nursing`role`but`do`not`accurately`describe`the`nurse‗s`unique`role`in`the`health`care`system.

DIF:` ` Cognitive`Level:`Analyze`(Analysis)
TOP:` Nursing`Process:`Implementation` ` ` MSC:` NCLEX:`Safe`and`Effective`Care`Environment

2. Which`statement`by`the`nurse`accurately`describes`the`use`of`evidence-based`practice`(EBP)?
a. ―Patient`care`is`based`on`clinical`judgment,`experience,`and`traditions.‖
b. ―Data`are`analyzed`later`to`show`that`the`patient`outcomes`are`consistently`met.‖
c. ―Research`from`all`published`articles`are`used`as`a`guide`for`planning`patient`care.‖
d. ―Recommendations`are`based`on`research,`clinical`expertise,`and`patient`
preferences.‖
ANS:` D
Evidence-based`practice`(EBP)`is`the`use`of`the`best`research-
based`evidence`combined`with`clinician`expertise`and`consideration`of`patient`preferences.`Cl
inical`judgment`based`on`the`nurse‗s`clinical`experience`is`part`of`EBP,`but`clinical`decision`m
aking`should`also`incorporate`current`research`and`research-
based`guidelines.`Evaluation`of`patient`outcomes`is`important,`but`data`analysis`is`not`required
`to`use`EBP.`All`published`articles`do`not`provide`research`evidence;`interventions`should`be`b
ased`on`credible`research,`preferably`randomized`controlled`studies`with`a`large`number`of`sub
jects.

DIF: Cognitive`Level:`Understand`(Comprehension)
TOP:` Nursing`Process:`Planning`MSC:` NCLEX:`Safe`and`Effective`Care`Environment

3. Which`statement`by`the`nurse`provides`a`clear`explanation`of`the`nursing`process?
a. ―The`nursing`process`is`a`research`method`of`diagnosing`the`patient‗s`health`care`
problems.‖
b. ―The`nursing`process`is`used`primarily`to`explain`nursing`interventions`to`other`
health`care`professionals.‖
c. ―The`nursing`process`is`a`problem-solving`tool`used`to`identify`and`manage`the

, patients‗`health`care`needs.‖
d. ―The`nursing`process`is`based`on`nursing`theory`that`incorporates`the`
biopsychosocial`nature`of`humans.‖
ANS:` C
The`nursing`process`is`a`problem-
solving`approach`to`the`identification`and`treatment`of`patients‗`problems.`Nursing`process`do
es`not`require`research`methods`for`diagnosis.`The`primary`use`of`the`nursing`process`is`in`pati
ent`care,`not`to`establish`nursing`theory`or`explain`nursing`interventions`to`other`health`care`pr
ofessionals.

DIF: Cognitive`Level:`Understand`(Comprehension)
TOP:`Nursing`Process:`Evaluation`MSC:` NCLEX:`Safe`and`Effective`Care`Environment

4. A`patient`admitted`to`the`hospital`for`surgery`tells`the`nurse,`―I`do`not`feel`comfortable`l
eaving`my`children`with`my`parents.‖`Which`action`would`the`nurse`take`next?
a. Reassure`the`patient`that`these`feelings`are`common`for`parents.
b. Have`the`patient`call`the`children`to`ensure`that`they`are`doing`well.
c. Gather`information`on`the`patient‗s`concerns`about`the`child`care`arrangements.
d. Call`the`patient‗s`parents`to`determine`whether`adequate`child`care`is`being`
provided.
ANS:` C
Because`a`complete`assessment`is`necessary`in`order`to`identify`a`problem`and`choose`an`appr
opriate`intervention,`the`nurse‗s`first`action`should`be`to`obtain`more`information.`The`other`a
ctions`may`be`appropriate,`but`more`assessment`is`needed`before`the`best`intervention`can`be`c
hosen.

DIF: Cognitive`Level:`Analyze`(Analysis)
TOP:` Nursing`Process:`Assessment MSC:` NCLEX:`Psychosocial`Integrity

5. A`patient`with`a`bacterial`infection`is`hypovolemic`due`to`a`fever`and`excessive`diaphoresis.`
Which`expected`outcome`would`the`nurse`select`for`this`patient?
a. Patient`has`a`balanced`intake`and`output.
b. Patient‗s`bedding`is`kept`clean`and`free`of`moisture.
c. Patient`understands`the`need`for`increased`fluid`intake.
d. Patient‗s`skin`remains`cool`and`dry`throughout`hospitalization.
ANS:` A
Balanced`intake`and`output`gives`measurable`data`showing`resolution`of`the`problem`of`deficie
nt`fluid`volume.`The`other`statements`would`not`indicate`that`the`problem`of`hypovolemia`wa
s`resolved.

DIF: Cognitive`Level:`Apply`(Application)
TOP:` Nursing`Process:`Planning`MSC:` NCLEX:`Physiological`Integrity

6. Which`statement`describes`the`purpose`of`the`evaluation`phase`of`the`nursing`process?
a. To`document`the`nursing`care`plan`in`the`progress`notes`of`the`health`record
b. To`determine`if`interventions`have`been`effective`in`meeting`patient`outcomes
c. To`decide`whether`the`patient‗s`health`problems`have`been`completely`resolved
d. To`establish`if`the`patient`agrees`that`the`nursing`care`provided`was`satisfactory
ANS:` B

, Evaluation`consists`of`determining`whether`the`desired`patient`outcomes`have`been`met`and`
whether`the`nursing`interventions`were`appropriate.`The`other`responses`do`not`describe`the`
evaluation`phase.

DIF:` Cognitive`Level:`Understand`(Comprehension)
TOP:`Nursing`Process:`Evaluation
`MSC:` NCLEX:`Safe`and`Effective`Care`Environment

7. Which`statement`describes`the`purpose`of`the`assessment`phase`of`the`nursing`process?
a. To`teach`interventions`that`relieve`health`problems
b. To`use`patient`data`to`evaluate`patient`care`outcomes
c. To`obtain`data`to`diagnose`patient`strengths`and`problems
d. To`help`the`patient`identify`realistic`outcomes`for`health`problems
ANS:` C
During`the`assessment`phase,`the`nurse`gathers`information`about`the`patient`to`diagnose`patie
nt`strengths`and`problems.`The`other`responses`are`examples`of`the`planning,`intervention,`an
d`evaluation`phases`of`the`nursing`process.

DIF: Cognitive`Level:`Understand`(Comprehension)
TOP:` Nursing`Process:`Assessment MSC:` NCLEX:`Safe`and`Effective`Care`Environment

8. When`developing`the`plan`of`care,`which`components`would`the`nurse`include`in`the`clinical`
problem`statement?
a. The`problem`and`the`suggested`patient`goals`or`outcomes
b. The`problem,`its`causes,`and`the`signs`and`symptoms`of`the`problem
c. The`problem`with`the`possible`etiology`and`the`planned`interventions
d. The`problem,`its`pathophysiology,`and`the`expected`outcome
ANS:` B
When`writing`clinical`problems`or`nursing`diagnoses,`the`subjective`as`well`as`objective`data`t
o`support`the`problem‗s`existence`should`be`included.`Goals,`outcomes,`and`interventions`are`n
ot`included`in`the`problem`statement.

DIF: Cognitive`Level:`Understand`(Comprehension)
TOP:` Nursing`Process:`Diagnosis`MSC:` NCLEX:`Safe`and`Effective`Care`Environment

9. Which`patient`care`task`would`the`nurse`delegate`to`experienced`assistive`personnel`(AP)?
a. Instruct`the`patient`about`the`need`to`alternate`activity`and`rest.
b. Monitor`level`of`shortness`of`breath`or`fatigue`after`ambulation.
c. Obtain`the`patient‗s`blood`pressure`and`pulse`rate`after`ambulation.
d. Determine`whether`the`patient`is`ready`to`increase`the`activity`level.
ANS:` C
AP`education`includes`accurate`vital`sign`measurement.`Assessment`and`patient`teaching`requi
re`registered`nurse`education`and`scope`of`practice`and`cannot`be`delegated.

DIF: Cognitive`Level:`Apply`(Application)
TOP:` Nursing`Process:`Planning`MSC:` NCLEX:`Safe`and`Effective`Care`Environment

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Exam (elaborations)

Lewis's MedicalSurgical Nursing|| 12th Edition by Mariann M. Harding.&Jeffrey`Kwong,`2025.Chapter`1-69

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